Depth functions of symbolic powers of homogeneous ideals
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Publication:2334540
Abstract: This paper addresses the problem of comparing minimal free resolutions of symbolic powers of an ideal. Our investigation is focused on the behavior of the function depth R/I^(t) = dim R - pd I^(t) - 1, where I^(t) denotes the t-th symbolic power of a homogeneous ideal I in a noetherian polynomial ring R and pd denotes the projective dimension. It has been an open question whether the function depth R/I^(t) is non-increasing if I is a squarefree monomial ideal. We show that depth R/I^(t) is almost non-increasing in the sense that depth R/I^(s) ge depth R/I^(t) for all s ge 1 and t in E(s), where E(s) = cup_{i ge 1} {t in N| i(s-1)+1 le t le is} (which contains all integers t ge (s-1)^2+1). The range E(s) is the best possible since we can find squarefree monomial ideals I such that depth R/I^(s) < depth R/I^(t) for t
otin E(s), which gives a negative answer to the above question. Another open question asks whether the function depth R/I^(t) is always constant for t gg 0. We are able to construct counter-examples to this question by monomial ideals. On the other hand, we show that if I is a monomial ideal such that I^(t) is integrally closed for t gg 0 (e.g. if I is a squarefree monomial ideal), then depth R/I^(t) is constant for t gg 0 with lim_{t o infty} depth R/I^(t) = dim R - dim oplus_{t ge 0} I^(t)/m I^(t). Our last result (which is the main contribution of this paper) shows that for any positive numerical function phi(t) which is periodic for t gg 0, there exist a polynomial ring R and a homogeneous ideal I such that depth R/I^(t) = phi(t) for all t ge 1. As a consequence, for any non-negative numerical function psi(t) which is periodic for t gg 0, there is a homogeneous ideal I and a number c such that pd I^(t) = psi(t) + c for all t ge 1.
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