Non-uniqueness for a critical heat equation in two dimensions with singular data

DOI10.1016/J.ANIHPC.2019.07.004MaRDI QIDQ2334997zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Norisuke Ioku, E. Terraneo, Bernhard Ruf

Publication date 13 November 2019

Published in Annales de l'Institut Henri Poincaré. Analyse Non Linéaire (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1903.08013

zbMATH Keywords

non-existenceNon-uniquenessnonlinear heat equationsingular initial data

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Initial-boundary value problems for second-order parabolic equations (35K20)

Abstract: Nonlinear heat equations in two dimensions with singular initial data are studied. In recent works nonlinearities with exponential growth of Trudinger-Moser type have been shown to manifest critical behavior: well-posedness in the subcritical case and non-existence for certain supercritical data. In this article we propose a specific model nonlinearity with Trudinger-Moser growth for which we obtain surprisingly complete results: a) for initial data strictly below a certain singular threshold function $widetildeu$ the problem is well-posed, b) for initial data above this threshold function $widetildeu$, there exists no solution, c) for the singular initial datum $widetildeu$ there is non-uniqueness. The function $widetildeu$ is a weak stationary singular solution of the problem, and we show that there exists also a regularizing classical solution with the same initial datum $widetildeu$.

Review text

This paper is concerned with the semilinear parabolic problem \[ \begin{cases} u_t-\Delta u=f(u)& \text{ in }B_\rho(0)\times (0,T),\\ u(x,t)=0 & \text{ on } \partial B_\rho(0)\times (0, T),\\ u(0,x)=u_0(x)&\text{ for all }x\in B_\rho(0). \end{cases} \eqno{(*)} \] It is assumed that for large \(u\), \(f(u)\sim e^{u^2}\). First, the authors construct a singular solution \(\tilde u\) for the associated elliptic equation \(-\Delta \tilde u=f(\tilde u)\) in a suitable ball \(B_\rho(0)\). Such a solution is singular at the origin and follows the profile \(\tilde u(x)\sim \sqrt{-2\log(|x|)}\) as \(|x|\to 0\). Returning to problem (*) the authors obtain the existence of a second regular solution \(u\) provided the initial data \(u_0\) satisfies \(u_0\leq \tilde u\). It is also shown that if \(yu_0>\tilde u\) then no solutions to (*) exist in any positive time interval.

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Cited in

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• Nonuniqueness for a critical nonlinear heat equation with any initial data.
• Non-uniqueness for an energy-critical heat equation on \({\mathbb{R}}^2\)
• Nonuniqueness in the quenching problem
• NON-UNIQUENESS FOR A CRITICAL NON-LINEAR HEAT EQUATION
• Solvability of a Semilinear Heat Equation via a Quasi Scale Invariance
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• A one-dimensional nonlinear heat equation with a singular term

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