Combining extensions of the Hales-Jewett theorem with Ramsey theory in other structures

MaRDI QIDQ2335693zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Neil Hindman, Luca Q. Zamboni, D. Strauss

Publication date 15 November 2019

Published in The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1807.01485, https://www.combinatorics.org/ojs/index.php/eljc/article/view/v26i4p23

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zbMATH Keywords

Graham-Rothschild parameter sets theoremStone-Čech compactification

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Ramsey theory (05D10) Special constructions of topological spaces (spaces of ultrafilters, etc.) (54D80)

Abstract: The Hales-Jewett Theorem states that given any finite nonempty set $A$ and any finite coloring of the free semigroup $S$ over the alphabet $A$ there is a {it variable word/} over $A$ all of whose instances are the same color. This theorem has some extensions involving several distinct variables occurring in the variable word. We show that, when combined with a sufficiently well behaved homomorphism, the relevant variable word simultaneously satisfies a Ramsey-Theoretic conclusion in the other structure. As an example we show that if $au$ is the homomorphism from the set of variable words into the natural numbers which associates to each variable word $w$ the number of occurrences of the variable in $w$, then given any finite coloring of $S$ and any infinite sequence of natural numbers, there is a variable word $w$ whose instances are monochromatic and $au(w)$ is a sum of distinct members of the given sequence. Our methods rely on the algebraic structure of the Stone-v Cech compactification of $S$ and the other semigroups that we consider. We show for example that if $au$ is as in the paragraph above, there is a compact subsemigroup $P$ of $$ which contains all of the idempotents of $$ such that, given any $pinP$, any $Ainp$, and any finite coloring of $S$, there is a variable word $w$ whose instances are monochromatic and $au(w)inA$. We end with a new short algebraic proof of an infinitary extension of the Graham-Rothschild Parameter Sets Theorem.

Review text

Summary: The Hales-Jewett theorem states that given any finite nonempty set \({\mathbb A}\) and any finite coloring of the free semigroup \(S\) over the alphabet \({\mathbb A}\) there is a variable word over \({\mathbb A}\) all of whose instances are the same color. This theorem has some extensions involving several distinct variables occurring in the variable word. We show that, when combined with a sufficiently well behaved homomorphism, the relevant variable word simultaneously satisfies a Ramsey-theoretic conclusion in the other structure. As an example we show that if \(\tau\) is the homomorphism from the set of variable words into the natural numbers which associates to each variable word \(w\) the number of occurrences of the variable in \(w\), then given any finite coloring of \(S\) and any infinite sequence of natural numbers, there is a variable word \(w\) whose instances are monochromatic and \(\tau(w)\) is a sum of distinct members of the given sequence. Our methods rely on the algebraic structure of the Stone-Čech compactification of \(S\) and the other semigroups that we consider. We show for example that if \(\tau\) is as in the paragraph above, there is a compact subsemigroup \(P\) of \(\beta{\mathbb N}\) which contains all of the idempotents of \(\beta{\mathbb N}\) such that, given any \(p\in P\), any \(A\in p\), and any finite coloring of \(S\), there is a variable word \(w\) whose instances are monochromatic and \(\tau(w)\in A\). We end with a new short algebraic proof of an infinitary extension of the Graham-Rothschild parameter sets theorem.

Recommendations

• Two new extensions of the Hales-Jewett theorem
• An infinitary extension of the Graham–Rothschild Parameter Sets Theorem
• Hales-Jewett type configurations in small sets
• Extensions of the Polynomial Hales–Jewett Theorem
• Factor-complement partitions of ascending \(k\)-parameter words

Cites work

• Algebra in the Stone-Čech compactification. Theory and applications
• An infinitary extension of the Graham–Rothschild Parameter Sets Theorem
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4021143 (Why is no real title available?)
• Partition Theorems for Spaces of Variable Words
• Ramsey's Theorem for n-Parameter Sets
• Regularity and Positional Games

Cited in

(13)

• Reading ``A variant of the Hales-Jewett theorem on its anniversary
• Factor-complement partitions of ascending \(k\)-parameter words
• Two new extensions of the Hales-Jewett theorem
• On Hales-Jewett's theorem
• Hales-Jewett type configurations in small sets
• Partition theorems for left and right variable words
• The Graham-Rothschild theorem and the algebra of W.
• The Hales-Jewett theorem via retractions.
• An infinitary extension of the Graham–Rothschild Parameter Sets Theorem
• Actions on semigroups and an infinitary Gowers-Hales-Jewett Ramsey theorem
• Extensions of the Polynomial Hales–Jewett Theorem
• An analogue to the infinitary Hales-Jewett theorem
• Ramsey theory for layered semigroups

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