An extensive adiabatic invariant for the Klein-Gordon model in the thermodynamic limit

DOI10.1007/S00023-014-0335-3MaRDI QIDQ2339210zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Antonio Giorgilli, Simone Paleari, Tiziano Penati

Publication date 31 March 2015

Published in Annales Henri Poincaré (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1310.2105

decay of correlations extensive adiabatic invariant extensive first integral Gibbs measure Gibbs variance Hamiltonian lattice models homological equation infinite chain Klein-Gordon lattice model nonlinear oscillator chains nonvanishing specific energy partition function periodic chain perturbation estimates stability thermodynamic limit time averages

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Nonlinear oscillations and coupled oscillators for ordinary differential equations (34C15) Thermodynamic formalism, variational principles, equilibrium states for dynamical systems (37D35) Lattice dynamics; integrable lattice equations (37K60) Perturbation theories for problems in Hamiltonian and Lagrangian mechanics (70H09) Adiabatic invariants for problems in Hamiltonian and Lagrangian mechanics (70H11) Lattice systems (Ising, dimer, Potts, etc.) and systems on graphs arising in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B20)

Abstract: We construct an extensive adiabatic invariant for a Klein-Gordon chain in the thermodynamic limit. In particular, given a fixed and sufficiently small value of the coupling constant

a

, the evolution of the adiabatic invariant is controlled up to times scaling as

for any large enough value of the inverse temperature

. The time scale becomes a stretched exponential if the coupling constant is allowed to vanish jointly with the specific energy. The adiabatic invariance is exhibited by showing that the variance along the dynamics, i.e. calculated with respect to time averages, is much smaller than the corresponding variance over the whole phase space, i.e. calculated with the Gibbs measure, for a set of initial data of large measure. All the perturbative constructions and the subsequent estimates are consistent with the extensive nature of the system.

Review text

The present paper stems from earlier research on long time stability of a nonlinear lattice in the thermodynamic limit and on extensive adiabatic invariants for nonlinear chains [\textit{A. Carati} and \textit{A. M. Maiocchi}, Commun. Math. Phys. 314, No. 1, 129--161 (2012; Zbl 1250.82005); \textit{A. Giorgilli} et al., J. Stat. Phys. 148, No. 6, 1106--1134 (2012; Zbl 1254.82021)]. Previous infinite-dimensional extensions of finite-dimensional lattice systems with periodic boundary conditions have been studied for a finite energy, i.e., zero specific energy. The present authors' aim is to remove that drawback, producing a long time estimate for finite specific energy in the case of the Klein-Gordon lattice model in its thermodynamic limit. An approximate conserved quantity is constructed (in the higher-order perturbation theory) which yields an adiabatic invariant in the thermodynamic limit. Estimates are produced which are uniform in the number \(N\) of degrees of freedom. The adiabatic invariance is exhibited by showing that the variance calculated with respect to time averages is much smaller than the corresponding variance evaluated over the whole phase space (i.e. by means of the Gibbs measure). A brief review of the related literature is given, together with hints towards the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam model investigation, along similar lines.

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