The dynamics of a class of quasi-periodic Schrödinger cocycles

DOI10.1007/S00023-014-0330-8MaRDI QIDQ2339211zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Kristian Bjerklöv

Publication date 31 March 2015

Published in Annales Henri Poincaré (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1311.5394

zbMATH Keywords

eigenfunctionsLyapunov exponentMorse functionquasiperiodic Schrödinger cocycle

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Closed and approximate solutions to the Schrödinger, Dirac, Klein-Gordon and other equations of quantum mechanics (81Q05) Selfadjoint operator theory in quantum theory, including spectral analysis (81Q10) Periodic and quasi-periodic flows and diffeomorphisms (37C55) Linear difference operators (47B39)

Abstract: Let $f:mathbbTomathbbR$ be a Morse function of class $C^2$ with exactly two critical points, let $omegainmathbbT$ be Diophantine, and let $lambda>0$ be sufficiently large (depending on $f$ and $omega$). For any value of the parameter $EinmathbbR$ we make a careful analysis of the dynamics of the skew-product map ${\displaystyle }$Phi_E( heta,r)=left( heta+omega,lambda f( heta)-E-1/r ight),${\displaystyle }$ acting on the "torus" $mathbbTimeswidehatmathbbR$. The map $Ph{i}_E$ is intimately related to the quasi-periodic Schr"odinger cocycle $(omega,A_E):mathbbTimesmathbb{R}^{2}omathbbTimesmathbb{R}^2$, $(heta,x)mapsto(heta+omega,A_E(heta)cdotx)$, where $A_E:mathbbToextSL(2,mathbbR)$ is given by $$ More precisely, $(omega,A_E)$ naturally acts on the space $mathbbTimeswidehatmathbbR$, and $Ph{i}_E$ is the map thus obtained. The analysis of $Ph{i}_E$ allows us to derive three main results: (1) The (maximal) Lyapunov exponent of the Schr"odinger cocycle $(omega,A_E)$ is $gtrsimloglambda$, uniformly in $EinmathbbR$. This implies that the map $Ph{i}_E$ has exactly two ergodic probability measures for all $EinmathbbR$; (2) If $E$ is on the edge of an open gap in the spectrum $sigma(H)$ of the associated Schr"odinger operator $H_{h}eta$, then there exist a phase $hetainmathbbT$ and a vector $uin{l}^2(mathbbZ)$, exponentially decaying at $pminfty$, such that $H_{h}etau=Eu$; (3) The map $Ph{i}_E$ is minimal iff $Einsigma(H)setminusextedgesofopengaps$. In particular, $Ph{i}_E$ is minimal for all $E$ for which the fibered rotation number $alpha(E)$ associated to $(omega,A_E)$ is irrational with respect to $omega$.

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Cited in

(27)

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