Existence results for viscous polytropic fluids with degenerate viscosity coefficients and vacuum

Abstract: In this paper, we considered the isentropic Navier-Stokes equations for compressible fluids with density-dependent viscosities in

m a t h b b R^{3}

. These systems come from the Boltzmann equations through the Chapman-Enskog expansion to the second order, cf.cite{tlt}, and are degenerate when vacuum appears. We firstly establish the existence of the unique local regular solution (see Definition ef{d1} or cite{sz3}) when the initial data are arbitrarily large with vacuum at least appearing in the far field. Moreover it is interesting to show that we could't obtain any global regular solution that the

L^{i} n f t y

norm of

u

decays to zero as time

t

goes to infinity.

Review text

The mathematical model to the compressible isenotropic fluid with degenerate viscosities is the Cauchy problem \[ \begin{cases}\frac{\partial \rho}{\partial t}+\text{div}\,(\rho u)=0,\quad x\in\mathbb{R}^3, \;t>0, \\ \frac{\partial }{\partial t}(\rho u)+\text{div}\,(\rho u\otimes u)-\text{div}\, \mathbb{T}(u)+\nabla p=0,\quad x\in\mathbb{R}^3,\;t>0, \\ \rho(x,0)=\rho_0(x),\quad u(x,0)=u_0(x),\quad x\in\mathbb{R}^3. \end{cases} \] It is assumed additionally \[ (\rho, u)\;\to\;(0,0)\quad \text{as}\quad | x |\;\to\;\infty,\quad t>0. \] Here \(u=(u_1,u_2,u_3)\) is the velocity of a fluid, \(\rho\) is the density, \(\mathbb{T}(u)\) is the stress tensor \[ \mathbb{T}(u)=\mu(\rho)(\nabla u+(\nabla u)^T)+\lambda (\rho)\text{div}\,u\mathbb{I}, \] \(\mu(\rho)=\alpha\rho\) is the shear viscosity, \(\lambda (\rho)=\rho E(\rho)\) is the second viscosity. Constant \(\alpha\) and function \(\rho\) satisfy to the conditions \[ \alpha>0,\quad 2\alpha+3 E(\rho)\geq 0,\quad E\in C^2(\mathbb{R}^+). \] The pressure \(p\) depends of the density \(\rho\) by the law \[ p=A\rho^\gamma. \] The main result of the paper is the existence theorem. Let \(1<\gamma\leq 2\) or \(\gamma=3\). If the initial data are regular \[ \rho_0\in H^2,\quad u_0\in H^2,\quad \rho_0\geq 0, \] then the Cauchy problem has a unique regular solution \((\rho,u)\) on a small time interval \((0,T)\) \[ \rho\in C([0,T],H^2),\quad \rho_t\in C([0,T],H^1),\quad u\in C([0,T],H^2),\quad u_t\in C([0,T],L^2). \] The non-existence of global solutions with \(L^\infty\) decay on \(u\) is proved too.

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