The Elliott-Halberstam conjecture implies the Vinogradov least quadratic nonresidue conjecture

DOI10.2140/ANT.2015.9.1005zbMATH Open1319.11067arXiv1410.7073OpenAlexW3099142126WikidataQ122890240 ScholiaQ122890240MaRDI QIDQ2346705FDOQ2346705

Authors: Terence Tao 

Publication date: 3 June 2015

Published in: Algebra \& Number Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: For each prime $p$, let $n(p)$ denote the least quadratic nonresidue modulo $p$. Vinogradov conjectured that $n(p)=O(p^{e}ps)$ for every fixed $eps>0$. This conjecture follows from the generalised Riemann hypothesis, and is known to hold for almost all primes $p$ but remains open in general. In this paper we show that Vinogradov's conjecture also follows from the Elliott-Halberstam conjecture on the distribution of primes in arithmetic progressions, thus providing a potential "non-multiplicative" route to the Vinogradov conjecture. We also give a variant of this argument that obtains bounds on short centred character sums from "Type II" estimates of the type introduced recently by Zhang and improved upon by the Polymath project, or from bounds on the level of distribution on variants of the higher order divisor function. In particular, we can obtain an improvement over the Burgess bound would be obtained if one had Type II estimates with level of distribution above $2/3$ (when the conductor is not cube-free) or $3/4$ (if the conductor is cube-free); morally, one would also obtain such a gain if one had distributional estimates on the third or fourth divisor functions $a{u}_3,a{u}_4$ at level above $2/3$ or $3/4$ respectively. Some applications to the least primitive root are also given.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1410.7073

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zbMATH Keywords

Elliot-Halberstam conjectureleast quadratic residueVinogradov conjecture

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Power residues, reciprocity (11A15) Sums over primes (11L20) Estimates on character sums (11L40) Primes in congruence classes (11N13) Distribution of integers in special residue classes (11N69)

Cited In (7)

• Title not available (Why is that?)
• Another application of Linnik dispersion method
• The distribution of values of zeta and \(L\)-functions
• EXPONENTIAL SUMS OVER PRIMES IN RESIDUE CLASSES
• Burgess bounds for short character sums evaluated at forms
• A refinement of the Burgess bound for character sums
• Large character sums: Burgess's theorem and zeros of \(L\)-functions

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