Log-concavity and symplectic flows

Symplectic manifolds (general theory) (53D05) Momentum maps; symplectic reduction (53D20) Global theory of symplectic and contact manifolds (53D35) Groups acting on specific manifolds (57S25)

Abstract: Let M be a compact, connected symplectic 2n-dimensional manifold on which an(n-2)-dimensional torus T acts effectively and Hamiltonianly. Under the assumption that there is an effective complementary 2-torus acting on M with symplectic orbits, we show that the Duistermaat-Heckman measure of the T-action is log-concave. This verifies the logarithmic concavity conjecture for a class of inequivalent T-actions. Then we use this conjecture to prove the following: if there is an effective symplectic action of an (n-2)-dimensional torus T on a compact, connected symplectic 2n-dimensional manifold that admits an effective complementary symplectic action of a 2-torus with symplectic orbits, then the existence of T-fixed points implies that the T-action is Hamiltonian. As a consequence of this, we give new proofs of a classical theorem by McDuff about S^1-actions, and some of its recent extensions.

Review text

After presenting the review of the essential elements of the theory of the symplectic manifolds and torus actions on them, the authors continue with the proofs of the main theorems formulated in the introductory sections, namely: Theorem 1. Let \(T\) be an \((n - 2)\)-dimensional torus which acts effectively with non-empty fixed point set on a compact, connected, symplectic \(2n\)-dimensional manifold \((M, \omega )\). Suppose that there is an effective commuting symplectic action of a \(2\)-torus on \(M\) whose orbits are symplectic. Then, the action of \(T\) on \((M, \omega )\) is Hamiltonian. Theorem 2. Let \(T\) be an \((n - 2)\)-dimensional torus which acts effectively and Hamiltonianly on a connected symplectic \(2n\)-dimensional manifold \((M, \omega )\) with a proper momentum map. Suppose that the list of stabilizer subgroups of the \(T\) action on \(M\) is finite, and that there is an effective commuting symplectic action of a \(2\)-torus \(S\) on \(M\) whose orbits are symplectic. Then, the Duistermaat-Heckman function \(DH_T\) of the Hamiltonian \(T\) -action is logconcave, i.e., its logarithm is a concave function. The above theorems are used in the last section to show how other well-known results in symplectic geometry can be derived as their corollaries.

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