Scale-free and quantitative unique continuation for infinite dimensional spectral subspaces of Schrödinger operators

General spectral theory of ordinary differential operators (34L05) Particular ordinary differential operators (Dirac, one-dimensional Schrödinger, etc.) (34L40) Schrödinger operator, Schrödinger equation (35J10) Second-order elliptic equations (35J15)

Abstract: We prove a quantitative unique continuation principle for infinite dimensional spectral subspaces of Schr"odinger operators. Let

L a m b d a_{L} = (- L / 2, L / 2)^{d}

and

H_{L} = - D e l t a_{L} + V_{L}

be a Schr"odinger operator on

L^{2} (L a m b d a_{L})

with a bounded potential

V_{L} : L a m b d a_{L} o m a t h b b R^{d}

and Dirichlet, Neumann, or periodic boundary conditions. Our main result is of the type [ int_{Lambda_L} lvert phi vert^2 leq C_{mathrm{sfuc}} int_{W_delta (L)} lvert phi vert^2, ] where

p h i

is an infinite complex linear combination of eigenfunctions of

H_{L}

with exponentially decaying coefficients,

W_{d} e l t a (L)

is some union of equidistributed

d e l t a

-balls in

L a m b d a_{L}

and

C_{m a t h r m s f u c} > 0

an

L

-independent constant. The exponential decay condition on

p h i

can alternatively be formulated as an exponential decay condition of the map

l a m b d a m a p s t o l V e r t c h i_{[l a m b d a, i n f t y)} (H_{L}) p h i V e r t^{2}

. The novelty is that at the same time we allow the function

p h i

to be from an infinite dimensional spectral subspace and keep an explicit control over the constant

C_{m a t h r m s f u c}

in terms of the parameters. Moreover, we show that a similar result cannot hold under a polynomial decay condition.

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