How to determine the sign of valuation on C[x,y]

DOI10.1307/MMJ/1491465683MaRDI QIDQ2363549zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Pinaki Mondal

Publication date 20 July 2017

Published in Michigan Mathematical Journal (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1301.3172, https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.mmj/1491465683

zbMATH Keywords

divisorial valuationkey formsemidegreevalue semigroup

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Valuations and their generalizations for commutative rings (13A18)

Abstract: Given a divisorial discrete valuation 'centered at infinity' on C[x,y], we show that its sign on C[x,y] (i.e. whether it is negative or non-positive on non-constant polynomials) is completely determined by the sign of its value on the 'last key form' (key forms being the avatar of 'key polynomials' of valuations (introduced by [Maclane, 1936]) in 'global coordinates'). The proof involves computations related to the cone of curves on certain compactifications of C^2 and gives a characterization of the divisorial valuations centered at infinity whose 'skewness' can be interpreted in terms of the 'slope' of an extremal ray of these cones, yielding a generalization of a result of [Favre-Jonsson, 2007]. A by-product of these arguments is a characterization of valuations which 'determine' normal compactifications of C^2 with one irreducible curve at infinity in terms of an associated 'semigroup of values'.

Review text

A divisorial semidegree \(\delta\) on the fraction field \(\mathbb{C}(x,y)\) is the negative of a divisorial valuation \(\nu\) on \(\mathbb{C}(x,y)\) centered at infinity (i.e., \(\nu(f) < 0\) for some \(f \in \mathbb{C}[x,y]\)). The author introduces key forms for divisorial degrees as a counterpart of key polynomials of valuations. The main result in the paper provides a characterization of nonnegative (and positive) divisorial degrees in terms of key forms, playing and special role the last key form. The maps characterized in this paper have interesting properties involving the global geometry of those surfaces defined by the corresponding valuations and can be regarded as the natural extension of negatives of divisorial valuations whose general elements are given by curves with only one place at infinity. In the paper, it is also considered an extended value semigroup of the semidegree and is related to the fact that key forms be polynomials and the determination of algebraic compactifications of \(\mathbb{C}^2\).

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Cited in

(7)

• Non-positive and negative at infinity divisorial valuations of Hirzebruch surfaces
• Discrete equivalence of non-positive at infinity plane valuations
• On the computation of Darboux first integrals of a class of planar polynomial vector fields
• Non-positive at infinity valuations
• Seshadri-type constants and Newton-Okounkov bodies for non-positive at infinity valuations of Hirzebruch surfaces
• The cone of curves and the Cox ring of rational surfaces given by divisorial valuations
• Divisorial valuations via arcs

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