Light tails and the Hermitian dual polar graphs

Abstract: Juri'{s}iv{c} et al. conjectured that if a distance-regular graph

G a m m a

with diameter

D

at least three has a light tail, then one of the following holds: 1.

a_{1} = 0

; 2.

G a m m a

is an antipodal cover of diameter three; 3.

G a m m a

is tight; 4.

G a m m a

is the halved

2 D + 1

-cube; 5.

G a m m a

is a Hermitian dual polar graph

^{2} A_{2 D - 1} (r)

where

r

is a prime power. In this note, we will consider the case when the light tail corresponds to the eigenvalue

- f r a c k a_{1} + 1

. Our main result is: Theorem Let

G a m m a

be a non-bipartite distance-regular graph with valency

k g e q 3

, diameter

D g e q 3

and distinct eigenvalues

h e t a_{0} > h e t a_{1} > c d o t s > h e t a_{D}

. Suppose that

G a m m a

is

2

-bounded with smallest eigenvalue

h e t a_{D} = - f r a c k a_{1} + 1

. If the minimal idempotent

E_{D}

, corresponding to eigenvalue

h e t a_{D}

, is a light tail, then

G a m m a

is the dual polar graph

^{2} A_{2 D - 1} (r)

, where

r

is a prime power. As a consequence of this result we will also show: Theorem Let

G a m m a

be a distance-regular graph with valency

k g e q 3

, diameter

D g e q 2

,

a_{1} = 1

and

h e t a_{0} > h e t a_{1} > c d o t s > h e t a_{D}

. If

c_{2} g e q 5

and

h e t a_{D} = - k / 2

, then

c_{2} = 5

and

G a m m a

is the dual polar graph

^{2} A_{2 D - 1} (2)

.

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