Lower limit in semiclassical form for the number of bound states in a central potential

Abstract: We identify a class of potentials for which the semiclassical estimate

N^{e x t (s e m i)} = f r a c 1 p i i n t_{0}^{i} n f t y d r s q r t - V (r) h e t a [- V (r)]

of the number

N

of (S-wave) bound states provides a (rigorous) lower limit:

N g e N^{e x t (s e m i)}

, where the double braces denote the integer part. Higher partial waves can be included via the standard replacement of the potential

V (r)

with the effective

e l l

-wave potential

V_{e} l l^{e x t (e f f)} (r) = V (r) + f r a c e l l (e l l + 1) r^{2}

. An analogous upper limit is also provided for a different class of potentials, which is however quite severely restricted.

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