Monodromy of perverse sheaves on vanishing cycles on some Shimura varieties

DOI10.1007/S00222-009-0183-9MaRDI QIDQ2390930zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 10 August 2009

Published in Inventiones Mathematicae (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1007/s00222-009-0183-9

Deligne-Carayol model Jacquet-Langlands correspondence monodromy filtration perverse sheaves Simple Shimura Varieties vanishing cycles

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Discontinuous groups and automorphic forms (11Fxx) Drinfel'd modules; higher-dimensional motives, etc. (11G09) Varieties over global fields (11G35) Geometric class field theory (11G45) Langlands-Weil conjectures, nonabelian class field theory (11R39) Rigid analytic geometry (14G22) Modular and Shimura varieties (14G35) Formal groups, (p)-divisible groups (14L05)

Review text

Let \(K\) be a finite extension of \({\mathbb Q}_p\) with ring of integers \({\mathcal O}_K\). For some fixed positive integer \(d\), we consider the group \(D^\times_{K,d}\) of invertibles of the central division algebra over \(K\) with invariant \(\frac{1}{d}\) an the Weil group \(W_K\) of \(K\). Using étale cohomology, Deligne has constructed a series of representations \({\mathcal U}^i_{K,l,d}\) of the group \(GDW_K(d):=GL_d(K)\times D^\times_{K,d}\times W_K\). Now let \(\rho\) be any irreducible representation of \(D^\times_{K,d}\) such that the corresponding \(\pi:=JL(\rho)\) is a cuspidal representation of \(GL_d(K)\). The first result of the paper under review calculates the \(\rho\)-isotypical components \({\mathcal U}^i_{K,l,d}(\rho)\) of \({\mathcal U}^i_{K,l,d}\) completely via globalizing the investigations of [\textit{M. Harris} and \textit{R. Taylor}, The geometry and cohomology of some simple Shimura varieties. With an appendix by Vladimir G. Berkovich. Annals of Mathematics Studies 151. (Princeton), NJ: Princeton University Press. (2001; Zbl 1036.11027)]: There, the authors study Shimura varieties of PEL type defined over some CM field F, which are associated to a particular group \(G/{\mathbb Q}\) of similitudes. To certain subgroups \(I\subset G({\mathbb A}^\infty)\) one associates a tower of Shimura varieties \(X_{\mathcal I}:=(X_I)_{I\in{\mathcal I}}\to Spec({\mathcal O}_v)\), where \(v\) is some prime above \(p\) such that the completion \(F_v\) of the localization of \(F\) in \(v\) is isomorphic to \(K\), on which \(G({\mathbb A}^\infty)\) acts via correspondences. The special geometric fiber \(\overline{X}_{\mathcal I}\) of \(X_{\mathcal I}\) is stratified by locally closed Hecke schemes \(\overline{X}_{\mathcal I}^{=h}\) for \(1\leq d\leq h\). In the present paper, methods of Harris and Taylor to describe the restriction of the sheaf of vanishing cycles to these strata are generalized. Now let \(\Psi_{\mathcal I}:=R\Psi_{\eta_v}({\overline{\mathbb Q}}_l)[d-1](\frac{d-1}{2})\) be the complex of vanishing cycles on \(\overline{X}_{\mathcal I}\) viewed as a complex of \(W_v\)-perverse Hecke sheaves, and for an irreducible cuspidal representation \(\pi_v\) of \(GL_g(F_v)\) denote \(\Psi_{{\mathcal I},\pi_v}\) the corresponding isotypical component. The second main result of the present article describes its bi-graded pieces with respect to kernels and images of the pro-nilpotent monodromy operator \(N\) in the category of \(W_{F_v}\)-perverse sheaves on \(\overline{X}_{\mathcal I}\). The proof works by induction on the \({\mathcal U}^i_{F_v,l,h}\) for \(1\leq h < d\) (supposed to be known) of the Deligne-Carayol model. The initial step is comprised by former work of the author [\textit{P. Boyer}, Invent. Math. 138, No. 3, 573--629 (1999; Zbl 1161.11408)]. The comparison theorem of Berkovich and Fargues is then applied in order to obtain the result except for those perverse sheaves with support in supersingular points. This case finally is treated using methods from Harris and Talyor's work again in connection with the auto-duality of the local model with respect to the Zelevinski involution. The article is nicely written, and also includes an appendix on Hecke schemes and their associated sheaves for the readers' convenience.

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