Condensation of the roots of real random polynomials on the real axis

DOI10.1007/S10955-009-9755-8zbMATH Open1176.60039arXiv0902.1027OpenAlexW1981493527MaRDI QIDQ2390969FDOQ2390969

Grégory Schehr, Satya N. Majumdar

Publication date: 10 August 2009

Published in: Journal of Statistical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We introduce a family of real random polynomials of degree n whose coefficients a_k are symmetric independent Gaussian variables with variance <a_k^2> = e^{-k^alpha}, indexed by a real alpha geq 0. We compute exactly the mean number of real roots <N_n> for large n. As alpha is varied, one finds three different phases. First, for 0 leq alpha < 1, one finds that <N_n> sim (frac{2}{pi}) log{n}. For 1 < alpha < 2, there is an intermediate phase where < N_n > grows algebraically with a continuously varying exponent, < N_n > sim frac{2}{pi} sqrt{frac{alpha-1}{alpha}} n^{alpha/2}. And finally for alpha > 2, one finds a third phase where <N_n> sim n. This family of real random polynomials thus exhibits a condensation of their roots on the real line in the sense that, for large n, a finite fraction of their roots <N_n>/n are real. This condensation occurs via a localization of the real roots around the values pm exp{[frac{alpha}{2}(k+{1/2})^{alpha-1} ]}, 1 ll k leq n.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/0902.1027

zbMATH Keywords

Kac-Rice formularandom algebraic polynomialsRea zeros

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Stochastic processes (60G99) Random operators and equations (aspects of stochastic analysis) (60H25) Numerical computation of solutions to single equations (65H05)

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Cited In (5)

• On mixed polynomials of bidegree \((n,1)\)
• On random polynomials with an intermediate number of real roots
• Asymptotic distribution of complex zeros of random analytic functions
• Zeroes of Gaussian analytic functions with translation-invariant distribution
• Zero distribution of random polynomials

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