Some new results on the conjecture on exceptional APN functions and absolutely irreducible polynomials: the Gold case

DOI10.3934/AMC.2017033MaRDI QIDQ2397504zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Heeralal Janwa, Moises Delgado

Publication date 22 May 2017

Published in Advances in Mathematics of Communications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.3934/amc.2017033

zbMATH Keywords

absolutely irreducible polynomialalmost perfect nonlinear (APN)CCZ-equivalencecyclic codesDeligne estimateEA-equivalenceGold function, Kasami-Welch functionLang-Weil estimate

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Algebraic coding theory; cryptography (number-theoretic aspects) (11T71) Gröbner bases; other bases for ideals and modules (e.g., Janet and border bases) (13P10) Applications to coding theory and cryptography of arithmetic geometry (14G50) Cryptography (94A60)

Review text

This paper provides new results on a conjecture on exceptional almost perfect nonlinear (APN) functions. A (polynomial) function \(f: \mathbb F_{2^n}\rightarrow \mathbb F_{2^n} \) is an APN function if \(\forall a, b\in \mathbb F_{2^n},\, a\neq 0\), the equation \(f(x + a) - f(x) = b\)\, has at most 2 solutions. An APN function is called exceptional if it is APN on infinitely many extensions of \(\mathbb F_{2^n}\). \textit{Y. Aubry} et al. [Contemp. Math. 518, 23--31 (2010; Zbl 1206.94025)] conjectured that the only exceptional APN functions are the Gold monomials \(f(x)= x^{2^k+1}\)\, and the Kasami-Welch monomials \(f(x)=x^{2^{2k}-2^k+1}\). They also proved that a polynomial function \(f(x)\)\, of odd degree is not exceptional APN function when \(\deg(f)\)\, is not a Gold number \(2^k+1\)\, or a Kasami-Welch number \(2^{2k}-2^k+1\). Section 1 of the present paper points out the relationships of APN functions with cyclic error-correcting codes and formulates the conjecture of Aubry, McGuire and Rodier. Section 2 recalls previous results of the authors concerning Gold polynomials \(f(x)= x^{2^k+1}+h(x)\),\, providing families of polynomials which are not exceptional APN. The conjecture is true for polynomials \(f(x)= x^{2^k+1}+h(x)\)\, if \(d=\deg(h)\) is odd and \(d\)\, is not a Gold number or is a Gold number with \(d=2^l+1\)\, and \((l,k)=1\) (see Theorem 6). Section 3 deals with the case \((l,k)\neq 1\) (Theorems 7 and 8). Finally Section 4 discusses the case \(d\)\, even (Theorem 9).

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Cited in

(15)

• Kim-type APN functions are affine equivalent to Gold functions
• Functions which are PN on infinitely many extensions of \(\mathbb F_p\), \(p\) odd
• On the irreducibility of the hyperplane sections of Fermat varieties in \(\mathbb {P}^{3}\) in characteristic 2. II
• Gold functions and switched cube functions are not 0-extendable in dimension \(n > 5\)
• A few more functions that are not APN infinitely often
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