Involution words. II: Braid relations and atomic structures

DOI10.1007/S10801-016-0722-6zbMATH Open1362.05137arXiv1601.02269OpenAlexW2237905587MaRDI QIDQ2397709FDOQ2397709

Authors: Zachary Hamaker, Eric Marberg, Brendan Pawlowski 

Publication date: 23 May 2017

Published in: Journal of Algebraic Combinatorics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Involution words are variations of reduced words for twisted involutions in Coxeter groups. They arise naturally in the study of the Bruhat order, of certain Iwahori-Hecke algebra modules, and of orbit closures in flag varieties. Specifically, to any twisted involutions $x$, $y$ in a Coxeter group $W$ with automorphism $*$, we associate a set of involution words $hat{mathcalR}_{\ast }(x,y)$. This set is the disjoint union of the reduced words of a set of group elements $mathcal{A}_{\ast }(x,y)$, which we call the atoms of $y$ relative to $x$. The atoms, in turn, are contained in a larger set $mathcal{B}_{\ast }(x,y)subsetW$ with a similar definition, whose elements we refer to as Hecke atoms. Our main results concern some interesting properties of the sets $hat{mathcalR}_{\ast }(x,y)$ and $mathcal{A}_{\ast }(x,y)subsetmathcal{B}_{\ast }(x,y)$. For finite Coxeter groups we prove that $mathcal{A}_{\ast }(1,y)$ consists of exactly the minimal-length elements $winW$ such that $w^{\ast }yleqw$ in Bruhat order, and conjecture a more general property for arbitrary Coxeter groups. In type $A$, we describe a simple set of conditions characterizing the sets $mathcal{A}_{\ast }(x,y)$ for all involutions $x,yin{S}_n$, giving a common generalization of three recent theorems of Can, Joyce, and Wyser. We show that the atoms of a fixed involution in the symmetric group (relative to $x=1$) naturally form a graded poset, while the Hecke atoms surprisingly form an equivalence class under the "Chinese relation" studied by Cassaigne, Espie, et al. These facts allow us to recover a recent theorem of Hu and Zhang describing a set of "braid relations" spanning the involution words of any self-inverse permutation. We prove a generalization of this result giving an analogue of Matsumoto's theorem for involution words in arbitrary Coxeter groups.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1601.02269

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zbMATH Keywords

Coxeter groupflag varietyIwahori-Hecke algebraweak orderBruhat orderChinese monoidsubword complexgraded posetreduced wordbraid relationMatsumoto's theoremDemazure algebrafixed-point-free involutioninvolution wordK-orbit closuretwisted involution

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Reflection and Coxeter groups (group-theoretic aspects) (20F55) Group actions on combinatorial structures (05E18) Hecke algebras and their representations (20C08) Representations of finite symmetric groups (20C30)

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Cited In (27)

• On inversion triples and braid moves
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• On involutions in Weyl groups
• A symplectic refinement of shifted Hecke insertion
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Uses Software

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