Spherical spacelike geometries in static spherically symmetric spacetimes: generalized Painlevè-Gullstrand coordinates, foliation, and embedding

DOI10.1016/J.PHYSLETB.2017.04.009MaRDI QIDQ2404698zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Yanyan Li

Publication date 19 September 2017

Published in Physics Letters B (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1702.00964

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Foliations (differential geometric aspects) (53C12) Applications of differential geometry to physics (53Z05) Classes of solutions; algebraically special solutions, metrics with symmetries for problems in general relativity and gravitational theory (83C20)

Abstract: It is well known that static spherically symmetric spacetimes can admit foliations by flat spacelike hypersurfaces, which are best described in terms of the Painlev`{e}--Gullstrand coordinates. The uniqueness and existence of such foliations were addressed earlier. In this paper, we prove, purely geometrically, that any possible foliation of a static spherically symmetric spacetime by an arbitrary codimension-one spherical spacelike geometry, up to time translation and rotation, is unique, and we find the algebraic condition under which it exists. This leads us to what can be considered as the most natural generalization of the Painlev`{e}--Gullstrand coordinate system for static spherically symmetric metrics, which, in turn, makes it easy to derive generic conclusions on foliation and to study specific cases as well as to easily reproduce previously obtained generalizations as special cases. In particular, we note that the existence of foliation by flat hypersurfaces guarantees the existence of foliation by hypersurfaces whose Ricci curvature tensor is everywhere non-positive (constant negative curvature is a special case). The study of uniqueness and the existence concurrently solves the question of embeddability of a spherical spacelike geometry in one-dimensional higher static spherically symmetric spacetimes, and this produces known and new results geometrically, without having to go through the momentum and Hamiltonian constraints.

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Cites work

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• Hawking radiation as tunneling
• Some applications of a simple stationary line element for the Schwarzschild geometry
• The gravitational Hamiltonian in the presence of non-orthogonal boundaries
• Uniqueness of flat spherically symmetric spacelike hypersurfaces admitted by spherically symmetric static spacetimes

Cited in

(3)

• Painlevé-Gullstrand synchronizations in spherical symmetry
• Separable geodesic action slicing in stationary spacetimes
• Uniqueness of flat spherically symmetric spacelike hypersurfaces admitted by spherically symmetric static spacetimes

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