On points with algebraically conjugate coordinates close to smooth curves

MaRDI QIDQ2404841zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Anna Gusakova, V. I. Bernik, Friedrich Götze

Publication date 20 September 2017

Published in Moscow Journal of Combinatorics and Number Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1602.01631, http://mjcnt.phystech.edu/en/article.php?id=126

zbMATH Keywords

algebraic numbersDiophantine approximationmetric theorysimultaneous approximation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Metric theory (11J83) Diophantine approximation in probabilistic number theory (11K60)

Abstract: We show that for any sufficiently large integer $Q$ and a real $0leqlambdaleqfrac34$ there exists a value $c(n,f,J)>0$ such that all strips $L(Q,lambda)=(x,y):|y-f(x)|<Q^{-lambda},xinJ=[a,b]$ contain at least $c(n,f,J)Q^{n+1-lambda}$ points $$ with algebraically conjugate coordinates. We consider points $$ such that the minimal polynomial $P(x)$ of $$ is of degree $degPleqn,nge2$, and height $H(P)leqQ$. The proof is based on a metric theorem on the measure of the set of vectors $(x,y)$ lying in a rectangle $Pi$ of dimensions $Q^{-s_1}imes{Q}^{-s_2}$ with $|P(x)|,|P(y)|$ bounded from above and $|P^{\prime }(x)|,|P^{\prime }(y)|$ bounded from below, where $P(x)$ is a polynomial of degree $degPleqn$ and height $H(P)leqQ$. This theorem is a generalization of a result obtained by V. Bernik, F. G"otze and O. Kukso for $s_1=s_2=frac12$ and $lambda=frac12$.

Review text

The authors give a lower bound on the number of points in \({\mathbb R}^2\) whose coordinates are algebraic conjugates of bounded degree and naive height, and which are close to a given smooth curve. Specifically, for a bounded interval \(J \subseteq {\mathbb R}\) and a continuously differentiable function \(f : J \rightarrow {\mathbb R}\) with only a finite number of \(x \in J\) such that \(f(x) = x\), let \[ L_J(Q, \lambda) = \left\{ (x_1, x_2) \in {\mathbb R}^2 : | x_2 - f(x_1) | < C Q^{-\lambda}, x_1 \in J\right\}, \] where \(C > 0\) is a constant depending on \(f\) and certain other parameters in the proof, \(Q \in {\mathbb N}\) and \(0 < \lambda < 3/4\). Furthermore, let \({\mathbb A}_n^2(Q)\) denote the set of points \((\alpha_1, \alpha_2)\) for which there is an integer polynomial \(P\) of degree at most \(n\) and naive height at most \(Q\) with \(P(\alpha_1) = P(\alpha_2) = 0\). The main result of the paper under review states that there are constants \(C' > 0\) and \(Q_0 > 0\), such that whenever \(Q > Q_0\), \[ \# {\mathbb A}_n^2(Q) \cap L_J(Q, \lambda) \geq C' Q^{n+1-\lambda}. \] The main result is derived from two additional results which give lower bounds on the number of points from \({\mathbb A}_n^2(Q)\) in rectangles away from the diagonal and of side lengths \(c_i Q^{-s_i}\), \(i = 1,2\), with \(0 < s_1 + s_2 \leq 1\); as well as in squares away from the diagonal of side length \(c_3 Q^{-s}\) with \(1/2 < s < 3/4\), with the squares not containing points for which there is a quadratic integer polynomial of height at most \(Q\), whose derivative is small at both coordinates of the point, and whose leading coefficient is not too large. The proofs of these two results are rather technical and depend on (among other things) Sprindžuk's method of essential and inessential domains.

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Cited in

(14)

• On the distribution of points with algebraically conjugate coordinates in a neighborhood of smooth curves
• On algebraic points in the plane near smooth curves
• The distribution of close conjugate algebraic numbers
• Distribution of zeros of nondegenerate functions on short cuttings
• Upper and lower estimates of the number of algebraic points in short intervals
• Distribution of zeros of nondegenerate functions on short cuttings. II
• On distribution of points with conjugate algebraic integer coordinates close to planar curves
• The development of the method of essential and inessential domains for the calculation of vectors with real algebraic coordinates near smooth surfaces
• Distribution of algebraic points in domains of small measure and near the surfaces
• On algebraic integers in short intervals and near smooth curves
• About the number of points with the algebraic coordinates in a strip of small measure in the field
• Lower bounds for the number of vectors with algebraic coordinates near smooth surfaces
• Convergence and asymptotic approximations to universal distributions in probability
• Algebraic points on the plane

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