Non-Hermitian interaction representation and its use in relativistic quantum mechanics

DOI10.1016/J.AOP.2017.08.009MaRDI QIDQ2409876zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Miloslav Znojil

Publication date 16 October 2017

Published in Annals of Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1702.08493

zbMATH Keywords

application in relativistic quantum mechanicscomplete set of time-evolution equationsKlein-Gordon example with space-time-dependent massnon-Hermitian version of Dirac's interaction pictureunitary quantum systems

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Nonselfadjoint operator theory in quantum theory including creation and destruction operators (81Q12)

Abstract: In quantum mechanics the unitary evolution is most often described in a pre-selected Hilbert space ${calH}^{(textbook)}$ in which, due to the Stone theorem, the Schr"odinger-picture Hamiltonian is self-adjoint, $mathfrakh=mathfrak{h}^{d}agger$. Via a unitary transformation one can also translate the theory (i.e., usually, differential evolution equations) to the Heisenberg or interaction picture. Once we decide to treat ${calH}^{(textbook)}$ as a "Dyson's" non-unitary one-to-one image of a new, auxiliary Hilbert space ${calH}^{(friendlier)}$, the corresponding (i.e., presumably, user-friendlier) avatar $H=Omeg{a}^{-1}mathfrakhOmega$ of the Schr"odinger-picture Hamiltonian keeps describing the same physics but becomes non-self-adjoint in ${calH}^{(friendlier)}$. Of course, a completion of the theory requires a Dyson-proposed reinstallation of the Stone theorem in ${calH}^{(friendlier)}$. This is routinely achieved by an ad hoc redefinition of the inner product, i.e., formally, by a move to the third Hilbert representation space ${calH}^{(standard)}$. In some detail we show that in the non-stationary Dyson-inspired Heisenberg- and interaction-picture settings the resulting description of the unitary evolution becomes technically more complicated. As an illustration we describe an application to the Klein-Gordon equation with a space- and time-dependent mass term.

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Cited in

(18)

• Hermitian-non-Hermitian interfaces in quantum theory
• Complex symmetric differential operators on Fock space
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• Proposal for an interpretation of the Hermitian theory of relativity
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