The classical obstacle problem with coefficients in fractional Sobolev spaces

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Abstract: We prove quasi-monotonicity formulae for classical obstacle-type problems with quadratic energies with coefficients in fractional Sobolev spaces, and a linear term with a Dini-type continuity property. These formulae are used to obtain the regularity of free-boundary points following the approaches by Caffarelli, Monneau and Weiss.


The paper under review deals the obstacle problem related to minimizers of the energy \[ \mathcal{E}(v):=\int_\Omega \big(\langle \mathbb{A}(x)\nabla v(x),\nabla v(x)\rangle+2f(x) v(x)\big)dx \] among all positive functions with fixed boundary data, where \(\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^n\) is a smooth, bounded and open set, \(n\geq2,\) \(\mathbb{A}:\;\Omega\to\mathbb{R}^{n\times n}\) is a matrix-valued field and \(f: \;\Omega\to\mathbb{R}\) is a Dini continuous function absorbing the obstacle \(\psi,\) \(f=-\operatorname{div}\,(\mathbb{A}\nabla\psi).\) The matrix \(\mathbb{A}(x)\) is supposed to be symmetric, continuous and uniformly elliptic with entries belonging to the fractional Sobolev space \(W^{1+s,p}(\Omega)\) with \(s>1/p\) and \(p>\min\left\{\frac{n^2}{n(1+s)-1},n\right\}.\) The author derives quasi-monotonicity formulae and use these to obtain regularity of the free-boundary points following the approaches of \textit{L. A. Caffarelli} [Acta Math. 139, 155--184 (1978; Zbl 0386.35046)], \textit{R. Monneau} [J. Fourier Anal. Appl. 15, No. 3, 279--335 (2009; Zbl 1178.35142)] and \textit{G. S. Weiss} [Invent. Math. 138, No. 1, 23--50 (1999; Zbl 0940.35102)].



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