Clausius versus Sackur-Tetrode entropies

DOI10.1016/J.SHPSB.2013.01.001MaRDI QIDQ2436239zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Thomas Oikonomou, G. Baris Bagci

Publication date 21 February 2014

Published in Studies in History and Philosophy of Science. Part B. Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1108.5442

zbMATH Keywords

Gibbs paradoxthermodynamic limitextensivityClausius (thermodynamical)/statistical entropy

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Measures of information, entropy (94A17) Classical and relativistic thermodynamics (80A10) Statistical thermodynamics (82B30)

Abstract: Based on the property of extensivity (mathematically, homogeneity of first degree), we derive in a mathematically consistent manner the explicit expressions of the chemical potential $mu$ and the Clausius entropy $S$ for the case of monoatomic ideal gases in open systems within phenomenological thermodynamics. Neither information theoretic nor quantum mechanical statistical concepts are invoked in this derivation. Considering a specific expression of the constant term of $S$, the derived entropy coincides with the Sackur-Tetrode entropy in the thermodynamic limit. We demonstrate however, that the former limit is not contained in the classical thermodynamic relations, implying that the usual resolutions of Gibbs paradox do not succeed in bridging the gap between the thermodynamics and statistical mechanics. We finally consider the volume of the phase space as an entropic measure, albeit, without invoking the thermodynamic limit to investigate its relation to the thermodynamic equation of state and observables.

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Cited in

(1)

• The statistics of mesoscopic systems and the physical interpretation of extensive and non-extensive entropies

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