Tensor products, positive linear operators, and delay-differential equations

DOI10.1007/S10884-013-9318-1MaRDI QIDQ2439752zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors John Mallet-Paret, Roger D. Nussbaum

Publication date 17 March 2014

Published in Journal of Dynamics and Differential Equations (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1210.0919

tensor product Floquet theory positive operator delay-differential equation lap number compound differential equation

Linear functional-differential equations (34K06) Spaces of operators; tensor products; approximation properties (46B28) Positive linear operators and order-bounded operators (47B65) General theory of functional-differential equations (34K05) Integral operators (47G10) Spectral theory of functional-differential operators (34K08)

Abstract: We develop the theory of compound functional differential equations, which are tensor and exterior products of linear functional differential equations. Of particular interest is the equation

with a single delay, where the delay coefficient is of one sign, say

with

d e l t a i n - 1, 1

. Positivity properties are studied, with the result that if

(- 1)^{k} = d e l t a

then the

k

-fold exterior product of the above system generates a linear process which is positive with respect to a certain cone in the phase space. Additionally, if the coefficients

a l p h a (t)

and

are periodic of the same period, and

satisfies a uniform sign condition, then there is an infinite set of Floquet multipliers which are complete with respect to an associated lap number. Finally, the concept of

u_{0}

-positivity of the exterior product is investigated when

satisfies a uniform sign condition.

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