The second main theorem vector for the modular regular representation of C₂

Abstract: We study the ring of invariants for a finite dimensional representation

V

of the group

C_{2}

of order 2 in characteristic

2

. Let

s i g m a

denote a generator of

C_{2}

and

x_{1}, y_{1} d o t s, x_{m}, y_{m}

a basis of

V^{*}

. Then

s i g m a (x_{i}) = x_{i}

, and

s i g m a (y_{i}) = y_{i} + x_{i}

. To our knowledge, this ring (for any prime

p

) was first studied by David Richman in 1990. He gave a first main theorem for

(V_{2}, C_{2})

, that is, he proved that the ring of invariants when

p = 2

is generated by

x_{i}, N_{i} = y_{i}^{2} + x_{i} y_{i}, t r (A) | 2 l e | A | l e m

where

A s u b s e t {0, 1}^{m}

,

y^{A} = y_{1}^{a_{1}} y_{2}^{a_{2}} c d o t s y_{m}^{a_{m}}

and

t r (A) = y^{A} + (y_{1} + x_{1})^{a_{1}} (y_{2} + x_{2})^{a_{2}} c d o t s (y_{m} + x_{m})^{a_{m}} .

In this paper, we prove the second main theorem for

(V_{2}, C_{2})

, that is, we show that all relations between these generators are generated by relations of type I:

s u m_{I s u b s e t A} x^{I} t r (A - I)

and of type II:

t r (A) t r (B) = s u m_{L < I} x^{I - L} N^{L} t r (I - L + J + K) + N^{I} s u m_{L < J} x^{J - L} t r (L + K)

for all

m

. We also derive relations of type III which are simpler and can be used in place of the relations of type II.

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