Semigroup identities in the monoid of triangular tropical matrices.

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Abstract: We show that the submonoid of all nxn triangular tropical matrices satisfies a nontrivial semigroup identity and provide a generic construction for classes of such identities. The utilization of the Fibonacci number formula gives us an upper bound on the length of these 2-variable semigroup identities.


For each integer \(n\geq 2\), the author constructs a nontrivial semigroup identity that holds in the monoid of all \(n\times n\) upper triangular matrices over the tropical semiring \(\langle\mathbb R\cup\{-\infty\};\oplus,\otimes\rangle\), where \(a\oplus b:=\max\{a,b\}\), \(a\otimes b:=a+b\) for all \(a,b\in\mathbb R\cup\{-\infty\}\). The proof relies on a natural correspondence between tropical \(n\times n\) matrices and weighted digraphs with \(n\) vertices.











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