Lower Ricci curvature, branching and the bilipschitz structure of uniform Reifenberg spaces

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Publication:2450802




Abstract: We study here limit spaces (Malpha,galpha,palpha)stackrelGHightarrow(Y,dY,p), where the Malpha have a lower Ricci curvature bound and are volume noncollapsed. Such limits Y may be quite singular, however it is known that there is a subset of full measure cR(Y)subseteqY, called {it regular} points, along with coverings by the almost regular points capepsiloncuprcRepsilon,r(Y)=cR(Y) such that each of the {it Reifenberg sets} cRepsilon,r(Y) is bi-H"older homeomorphic to a manifold. It has been an ongoing question as to the bi-Lipschitz regularity the Reifenberg sets. Our results have two parts in this paper. First we show that each of the sets cRepsilon,r(Y) are bi-Lipschitz embeddable into Euclidean space. Conversely, we show the bi-Lipschitz nature of the embedding is sharp. In fact, we construct a limit space Y which is even uniformly Reifenberg, that is, not only is each tangent cone of Y isometric to RRn but convergence to the tangent cones is at a uniform rate in Y, such that there exists no embeddings of Y into Euclidean space for any . Further, despite the strong tangential regularity of Y, there exists a point yinY such that every pair of minimizing geodesics beginning at y branches to any order at y. More specifically, given {it any} two unit speed minimizing geodesics gamma1, gamma2 beginning at y and {it any} 0leqhetaleqpi, there exists a sequence tio0 such that the angle anglegamma1(ti)ygamma2(ti) converges to heta.









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