Existence of solutions for a 1-D boundary value problem coming from a model for burglary
a priori estimatesLeray-Schauder theoremmodels for house burglaryNeumann boundary conditionsordinary differential equationsperiodic solutionssystems of equations
Nonlinear boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations (34B15) Positive solutions to nonlinear boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations (34B18) Applications of operator theory to differential and integral equations (47N20) Models of societies, social and urban evolution (91D10)
The authors study the problem of existence of positive solutions for an ordinary differential systems of the form \[ \eta(x)(A - A^0 (x)) - A + A^0 (x) + Nf(x,A) = 0, \] \[ N + [g(x,A,A')N]' - \omega^2 (N-1) = 0, \] with either Neumann or periodic boundary conditions. Here, \(\eta (\cdot)\) is a continuous positive function and \(A^0\) is a positive function of class \(C^2.\) On the other hand, \(f\) is continuous, \(g\) is of class \(C^1\) and they satisfy some additional restrictions motivated by the special case where \(f(x,A) = \psi (x)A(1-A)\) with \(\psi (\cdot)\) a continuous function and \(g(x,A,A') = -2 \frac{A'}{A}.\) This special case is a one dimensional version of a problem that arises in mathematical modelling for burglary of houses (in most of these models \(A\) represents attractiveness for a house to be burgled and \(N\) density of burglars). In the proof, Leray-Schauder degree theory is used (the requested a priori estimates are obtained by some unusual combination of pointwise estimates based upon maximum or minimum properties and of \(L^1\)-estimates).
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