A probabilistic asymptotic study of the coefficients of a power series

Abstract: Following the ideas of Rosenbloom [7] and Hayman [5], Luis B'aez-Duarte gives in [1] a probabilistic proof of Hardy-Ramanujan's asymptotic formula for the partitions of an integer. The main principle of the method relies on the convergence in law of a family of random variables to a gaussian variable. In our work we prove a theorem of the Liapounov type (Chung [2]) that justifies this convergence. To obtain simple asymptotic formul{ae} a condition of the so-called strong Gaussian type defined by Luis B'aez-Duarte is required; we demonstrate this in a situation that make it possible to obtain a classical asymptotic formula for the partitions of an integer with distinct parts (Erd"os-Lehner [4], Ingham [6]).

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The authors prove a central limit theorem of Lyapunov type for sums of independent random variables. This is applied to random variables associated with the generating function \(\sum_{n\geq1}q(n)z^n\), where \(q(n)\) is the number of partitions of \(n\) with distinct parts. This gives a probabilistic proof that \[ q(n)\sim \frac{1}{4}\frac{e^{\pi\sqrt{n/3}}}{3^{1/4}n^{3/4}}\,, \] using a method due to \textit{L. Báez-Duarte} [Adv. Math. 125, No. 1, 114--120 (1997; Zbl 0873.60010)].

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