Conditions for negative specific heat in systems of attracting classical particles

DOI10.1016/J.PHYSLETA.2004.09.066MaRDI QIDQ2463065zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Björn Einarsson

Publication date 5 December 2007

Published in Physics Letters. A (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0405130

zbMATH Keywords

long-range forcesnegative specific heatself-gravitating systems

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Atomic physics (81V45)

Abstract: We identify conditions for the presence of negative specific heat in non-relativistic self-gravitating systems and similar systems of attracting particles. The method used, is to analyse the Virial theorem and two soluble models of systems of attracting particles, and to map the sign of the specific heat for different combinations of the number of spatial dimensions of the system, $D$($geq2$), and the exponent, $u$($eq0$), in the force potential, $phi=C{r}^u$. Negative specific heat in such systems is found to be present exactly for $u=-1$, at least for $Dgeq3$. For many combinations of $D$ and $u$ representing long-range forces, the specific heat is positive or zero, for both models and the Virial theorem. Hence negative specific heat is not caused by long-range forces as such. We also find that negative specific heat appears when $u$ is negative, and there is no singular point in a certain density distribution. A possible mechanism behind this is suggested.

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Cites work

• Statistical mechanics of gravitating systems

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(10)

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