Nonpositive curvature: A geometrical approach to Hilbert-Schmidt operators

Publication date 22 February 2008

Abstract: We give a Riemannian structure to the set

S i g m a

of positive invertible unitized Hilbert-Schmidt operators, by means of the trace inner product. This metric makes of

S i g m a

a nonpositively curved, simply connected and metrically complete Hilbert manifold. The manifold

S i g m a

is a universal model for symmetric spaces of the noncompact type: any such space can be isometrically embedded into

S i g m a

. We give an intrinsic algebraic characterization of convex closed submanifolds

M

. We study the group of isometries of such submanifolds: we prove that

G_{M}

, the Banach-Lie group generated by

M

, acts isometrically and transitively on

M

. Moreover,

G_{M}

admits a polar decomposition relative to

M

, namely

G_{M} s i m e q M i m e s K

as Hilbert manifolds (here

K

is the isotropy of

p = 1

for the action

I_{g} : p m a p s t o g p g^{*}

), and also

G_{M} / K s i m e q M

so

M

is an homogeneous space. We obtain several decomposition theorems by means of geodesically convex submanifolds

M

. These decompositions are obtained extit{via} a nonlinear but analytic orthogonal projection

P i_{M} : S i g m a o M

, a map which is a contraction for the geodesic distance. As a byproduct, we prove the isomorphism

N M s i m e q S i g m a

(here

N M

stands for the normal bundle of a convex closed submanifold

M

). Writing down the factorizations for fixed

{m e}^{a}

, we obtain

{m e}^{a} = {m e}^{x} {m e}^{v} {m e}^{x}

with

{m e}^{x} i n M

and

v

orthogonal to

M

at

p = 1

. As a corollary we obtain decompositions for the full group of invertible elements

G s i m e q M i m e s e x p (T_{1} M^{p e r p}) i m e s K

.

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