A classification of the projective lines over small rings

DOI10.1016/J.CHAOS.2007.01.008zbMATH Open1134.51301arXivmath/0605301OpenAlexW1964133937WikidataQ60308205 ScholiaQ60308205MaRDI QIDQ2477239FDOQ2477239

Authors: Metod Saniga, Michel Planat, Petr Pracna, M. Kibler 

Publication date: 13 March 2008

Published in: Chaos, Solitons and Fractals (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: A compact classification of the projective lines defined over (commutative) rings (with unity) of all orders up to thirty-one is given. There are altogether sixty-five different types of them. For each type we introduce the total number of points on the line, the number of points represented by coordinates with at least one entry being a unit, the cardinality of the neighbourhood of a generic point of the line as well as those of the intersections between the neighbourhoods of two and three mutually distant points, the number of `Jacobson' points per a neighbourhood, the maximum number of pairwise distant points and, finally, a list of representative/base rings. The classification is presented in form of a table in order to see readily not only the fine traits of the hierarchy, but also the changes in the structure of the lines as one goes from one type to the other. We hope this study will serve as an impetus to a search for possible applications of these remarkable geometries in physics, chemistry, biology and other natural sciences as well.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0605301

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Classical or axiomatic geometry and physics (51P05) Logical foundations of quantum mechanics; quantum logic (quantum-theoretic aspects) (81P10) Ring geometry (Hjelmslev, Barbilian, etc.) (51C05)

Cites Work

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• On distant-isomorphisms of projective lines
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• A classification of the projective lines over small rings
• Projective line over the finite quotient ring \(\mathrm{GF}(2)[x]/\langle x^{3}-x\rangle \) and quantum entanglement: the Mermin ``magic square/pentagram
• Lines on del Pezzo surfaces and transfinite heterotic string space-time

Cited In (7)

• Projective congruence in \(M_3(\mathbb{F}_q)\).
• A classification of the projective lines over small rings
• On the fine structure of the projective line over \(\text{GF(2)}\otimes\text{GF(2)}\otimes\text{GF(2)}\)
• Divisible designs, Laguerre geometry, and beyond
• Linear sets in the projective line over the endomorphism ring of a finite field
• Multi-line geometry of qubit-qutrit and higher-order Pauli operators
• Projective ring line encompassing two-qubits

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