Hyperelliptic Jacobians with real multiplication

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Publication:2490146



Abstract: Let K be a field of characteristic peq2, and let f(x) be a sextic polynomial irreducible over K with no repeated roots, whose Galois group is isomorphic to A5. If the jacobian J(C) of the hyperelliptic curve C:y2=f(x) admits real multiplication over the ground field from an order of a real quadratic field D, then either its endomorphism algebra is isomorphic to D, or p>0 and J(C) is a supersingular abelian variety. The supersingular outcome cannot occur when p splits in D.


The purpose of this very clearly written paper is to provide a tool for construction of explicit examples of hyperelliptic curves of genus two such that its Jacobian variety admits real multiplication. Let \(K\) be a field of characteristic \(p\neq 2\). Let \(f(x)\in K[x]\) be an irreducible separable polynomial of degree six. Let \(C_f\) denote the hyperelliptic curve defined by \(y^2=f(x)\) and \(J(C_f)\) its Jacobian. Assuming that the Galois group of \(f\) is isomorphic to the alternating group of degree five and that \(\text{End}^0_K(J(C_f))\) contains a real quadratic field \(D\), the main theorem proves that \(\text{End}_K(J(C_f))\) is isomorphic to an order of \(D\) with discriminant \(\equiv 5 \pmod 8\). For the proof, the notion of very smallness of a group representation, which is introduced in [\textit{Yu. G. Zarhin}, Prog. Math. 195, 473--490 (2001; Zbl 1047.14015)] plays a crucial role. Armed with this notion, the author proves the theorem by employing the representation theory of finite groups and algebras. Furthermore, in the last two sections he gives quite a few concrete examples of hyperelliptic curves satisfying the hypotheses of the theorem.



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