A new application of random matrices: Ext (C_red^*(F₂)) is not a group

DOI10.4007/ANNALS.2005.162.711zbMATH Open1103.46032arXivmath/0212265OpenAlexW2035501532MaRDI QIDQ2496969FDOQ2496969

Authors: Uffe Haagerup, Steen Thorbjørnsen 

Publication date: 26 July 2006

Published in: Annals of Mathematics. Second Series (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: In the process of developing the theory of free probability and free entropy, Voiculescu introduced in 1991 a random matrix model for a free semicircular system. Since then, random matrices have played a key role in von Neumann algebra theory (cf. [V8], [V9]). The main result of this paper is the following extension of Voiculescu's random matrix result: Let X_1^(n),...,X_r^(n) be a system of r stochastically independent n by n Gaussian self-adjoint random matrices as in Voiculescu's random matrix paper [V4], and let (x_1,...,x_r) be a semi-circular system in a C*-probability space. Then for every polynomial p in r noncommuting variables lim_{n->oo}||p(X_1^(n),...,X_r^(n))|| = ||p(x_1,...,x_r)||, for almost all omega in the underlying probability space. We use the result to show that the Ext-invariant for the reduced C*-algebra of the free group on 2 generators is not a group but only a semi-group. This problem has been open since Anderson in 1978 found the first example of a C*-algebra A for which Ext(A) is not a group.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0212265

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zbMATH Keywords

random matricesExt group

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Random matrices (algebraic aspects) (15B52) General theory of (C^*)-algebras (46L05) Noncommutative probability and statistics (46L53) Homological methods in functional analysis (exact sequences, right inverses, lifting, etc.) (46M18)

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