A spectral gap property for random walks under unitary representations

Abstract: Let

G

be a locally compact group and

m u

a probability measure on

G,

which is not assumed to be absolutely continuous with respect to Haar measure. Given a unitary representation

(p i, c a l H)

of

G,

we study spectral properties of the operator

p i (m u)

acting on

c a l H .

Assume that

m u

is adapted and that the trivial representation

1_{G}

is not weakly contained in the tensor product

We show that

p i (m u)

has a spectral gap, that is, for the spectral radius

r_{m s p e c} (p i (m u))

of

p i (m u),

we have

r_{m s p e c} (p i (m u)) < 1.

This provides a common generalization of several previously known results. Another consequence is that, if

G

has Kazhdan's Property (T), then

r_{m s p e c} (p i (m u)) < 1

for every unitary representation

p i

of

G

without finite dimensional subrepresentations. Moreover, we give new examples of so-called identity excluding groups.

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