Relaxation to a perpetually pulsating equilibrium

DOI10.1023/B:JOSS.0000044068.53435.EBzbMATH Open1206.82057arXivcond-mat/0401093OpenAlexW3104875937MaRDI QIDQ2507526FDOQ2507526

Authors: Donald Lynden-Bell, R. M. Lynden-Bell 

Publication date: 11 October 2006

Published in: Journal of Statistical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Paper in honour of Freeman Dyson on the occasion of his 80th birthday. Normal N-body systems relax to equilibrium distributions in which classical kinetic energy components are 1/2 kT, but, when inter-particle forces are an inverse cubic repulsion together with a linear (simple harmonic) attraction, the system pulsates for ever. In spite of this pulsation in scale, r(t), other degrees of freedom relax to an ever-changing Maxwellian distribution. With a new time, tau, defined so that r^2d/dt =d/d tau it is shown that the remaining degrees of freedom evolve with an unchanging reduced Hamiltonian. The distribution predicted by equilibrium statistical mechanics applied to the reduced Hamiltonian is an ever-pulsating Maxwellian in which the temperature pulsates like r^-2. Numerical simulation with 1000 particles demonstrate a rapid relaxation to this pulsating equilibrium.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0401093

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zbMATH Keywords

limit cyclesMaxwellian equilibriumN-body dynamics

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

(n)-body problems (70F10) Classical dynamic and nonequilibrium statistical mechanics (general) (82C05)

Cited In (5)

• Many-body problem with quadratic and/or inversely-quadratic potentials in one- and more-dimensional spaces: some retrospective remarks
• Transport in perturbed classical integrable systems: the pinned Toda chain
• The microscopic foundations of Vlasov theory for jellium-like Newtonian \(N\)-body systems
• The Vlasov continuum limit for the classical microcanonical ensemble
• Kerr black holes as elementary particles

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