Causal diagrams for interference
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Publication:252805
DOI10.1214/14-STS501zbMATH Open1331.62200arXiv1403.1239OpenAlexW2951730280MaRDI QIDQ252805FDOQ252805
Authors: Elizabeth L. Ogburn, Tyler J. Vanderweele 
Publication date: 4 March 2016
Published in: Statistical Science (Search for Journal in Brave)
Abstract: The term "interference" has been used to describe any setting in which one subject's exposure may affect another subject's outcome. We use causal diagrams to distinguish among three causal mechanisms that give rise to interference. The first causal mechanism by which interference can operate is a direct causal effect of one individual's treatment on another individual's outcome; we call this direct interference. Interference by contagion is present when one individual's outcome may affect the outcomes of other individuals with whom he comes into contact. Then giving treatment to the first individual could have an indirect effect on others through the treated individual's outcome. The third pathway by which interference may operate is allocational interference. Treatment in this case allocates individuals to groups; through interactions within a group, individuals may affect one another's outcomes in any number of ways. In many settings, more than one type of interference will be present simultaneously. The causal effects of interest differ according to which types of interference are present, as do the conditions under which causal effects are identifiable. Using causal diagrams for interference, we describe these differences, give criteria for the identification of important causal effects, and discuss applications to infectious diseases.
Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1403.1239
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causal inferencegraphical modelssocial networksspillover effectsinterferencecausal diagramscontagionDAGsinfectiousnessnonparametric identification
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Cited In (14)
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- Randomization inference for peer effects
- Cluster allocation design networks
- Causal Inference for Social Network Data
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- Individual-level social influence identification in social media: a learning-simulation coordinated method
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