On several varieties of cacti and their relations

DOI10.2140/AGT.2005.5.237MaRDI QIDQ2571346zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Ralph M. Kaufmann

Publication date 1 November 2005

Published in Algebraic \& Geometric Topology (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0209131, https://eudml.org/doc/125721, http://www.emis.de/journals/UW/agt/AGTVol5/agt-5-13.abs.html

zbMATH Keywords

cacti operadoperadquasi-operad

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Twisted and skew group rings, crossed products (16S35) Groupoids, semigroupoids, semigroups, groups (viewed as categories) (18B40) Loop spaces (55P35) Loop space machines and operads in algebraic topology (55P48)

Abstract: Motivated by string topology and the arc operad, we introduce the notion of quasi-operads and consider four (quasi)-operads which are different varieties of the operad of cacti. These are cacti without local zeros (or spines) and cacti proper as well as both varieties with fixed constant size one of the constituting loops. Using the recognition principle of Fiedorowicz, we prove that spineless cacti are equivalent as operads to the little discs operad. It turns out that in terms of spineless cacti Cohen's Gerstenhaber structure and Fiedorowicz' braided operad structure are given by the same explicit chains. We also prove that spineless cacti and cacti are homotopy equivalent to their normalized versions as quasi-operads by showing that both types of cacti are semi-direct products of the quasi-operad of their normalized versions with a re-scaling operad based on R>0. Furthermore, we introduce the notion of bi-crossed products of quasi-operads and show that the cacti proper are a bi-crossed product of the operad of cacti without spines and the operad based on the monoid given by the circle group S^1. We also prove that this particular bi-crossed operad product is homotopy equivalent to the semi-direct product of the spineless cacti with the group S^1. This implies that cacti are equivalent to the framed little discs operad. These results lead to new CW models for the little discs and the framed little discs operad.

Review text

Motivated by string topology the author introduces the notion of quasi-operads and defines direct, semi-direct and bicrossed products of quasi-operads. In this setting, the normalized version of cacti and spinless cacti are homotopy associative quasi-operads, so that their homology quasi-operads are in fact operads. The main result is that spinless cacti are equivalent, in the sense of Fiedorowicz, to the little discs operad. In this way, the cellular chains of normalized spinless cacti become a convenient model of the little disc operad. This fact together with indexing the chains by trees is the basis for a natural topological solution to Deligne's conjecture on the Hochschild cohomology of an associative algebra. A cyclic version of this conjecture is also proved using the cellular chains of normalized cacti. Along the way, the author gives other pictorial realizations of various types of cacti including trees, ribbon graphs and chord diagrams, which might be useful to relate this theory to other parts of mathematics. Two appendices provide a compilation of the relevant notions of graphs and relate various cacti operads with sub-operads of the Arc operad.

Recommendations

• On spineless cacti, Deligne's conjecture and Connes-Kreimer's Hopf algebra
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1552053
• A proof of a cyclic version of Deligne's conjecture via cacti
• An \(\mathcal{A}_\infty\) operad in spineless cacti
• Associahedra, cyclohedra and a topological solution to the \(A_{\infty }\) Deligne conjecture

Cites work

• A proof of a cyclic version of Deligne's conjecture via cacti
• Decorated Teichmüller theory of bordered surfaces
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 706259 (Why is no real title available?)
• On spineless cacti, Deligne's conjecture and Connes-Kreimer's Hopf algebra
• Quasifaserungen und unendliche symmetrische Produkte
• The structure of autodistributive algebras

Cited in

(29)

• A proof of a cyclic version of Deligne's conjecture via cacti
• The topological cyclic Deligne conjecture
• Arc operads and arc algebras
• Gravity formality
• Permutohedral structures on \(E_2\)-operads
• A detailed look on actions on Hochschild complexes especially the degree 1 coproduct and actions on loop spaces
• An infinity operad of normalized cacti
• A cacti theoretical interpretation of the axioms of bialgebras and \(H\)-module algebras.
• Equivariant operads, string topology, and Tate cohomology
• Groups, cacti and framed little discs
• The cleavage operad and string topology of higher dimension
• On Kontsevich's Hochschild cohomology conjecture
• The odd origin of Gerstenhaber brackets, Batalin-Vilkovisky operators, and master equations
• Graphs, strings, and actions
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4110732 (Why is no real title available?)
• Cyclic \(A_\infty\) structures and Deligne's conjecture
• Cacti and filtered distributive laws
• Gerstenhaber algebra and Deligne's conjecture on the Tate-Hochschild cohomology
• Maurer-Cartan elements and cyclic operads
• A direct computation of the cohomology of the braces operad
• Distinguishing secant from cactus varieties
• A cell decomposition of the Fulton MacPherson operad
• Mini-workshop: Flavors of Rabinowitz Floer and Tate homology. Abstracts from the mini-workshop held November 27 -- December 1, 2023
• On the topology of \(\mathcal{M}_{0,n+1}/\Sigma_n\)
• On spineless cacti, Deligne's conjecture and Connes-Kreimer's Hopf algebra
• Closed/open string diagrammatics
• An \(\mathcal{A}_\infty\) operad in spineless cacti
• Hochschild homology of structured algebras
• Associahedra, cyclohedra and a topological solution to the \(A_{\infty }\) Deligne conjecture

This page was built for publication: On several varieties of cacti and their relations

Report a bug (only for logged in users!)Click here to report a bug for this page (MaRDI item Q2571346)