Longitude Floer homology and the Whitehead double
Recall that a Heegaard diagram \((\Sigma, \alpha_1, \cdots, \alpha_g; \beta_2, \cdots, \beta_g)\) of a knot complement in \(S^3\) gives a Heegaard diagram \((\Sigma, \alpha_1, \cdots, \alpha_g; \mu, \beta_2, \cdots, \beta_g)\) for the added meridian \(\mu\). Fix a point \(v\in \mu \setminus \cup_{i=1}^g \alpha_i\) and \(z, w\) on the two sides of a curve close to \(v\). Then Ozsváth and Szabó defined a symplectic Floer homology from the two real (Lagrangian) tori \(T_{\alpha} =\alpha_1 \times \cdots \times \alpha_g\) and \(T_{\beta} = \mu \times \beta_2 \cdots \times \beta_g\) in the symplectic manifold Sym\(^g(\Sigma)\). Associated with different liftings of the Maslov index from marked points \(z, w\), \(\widehat{HFK}(K), HFK^{\infty}(K), HFK^{\pm}(K)\) are defined and shown to be topological invariants for the knot \(K\) in \(S^3\). One can replace \(\mu\) by \([p/q] =p\mu + q\lambda\) to define a corresponding Heegaard diagram \((\Sigma, \alpha_1, \cdots, \alpha_g; [p/q], \beta_2, \cdots, \beta_g)\) for the manifold \(K_{p/q}\) obtained from the \((p, q)\) Dehn surgery. A similar construction can be applied to define topological invariants for \(K_{p/q}\). The paper under review is to define similar Floer homologies for \(K_{0/1}\). Some similar properties (Theorem 1.1 and Theorem 1.3) for \(K_{0/1}\) are obtained. The author calls it the longitude Floer homology. Theorem 1.3 links the longitude Floer homology of the Whitehead double of a knot in \(S^3\) with the Ozsváth and Szabó Floer homology. Section 2 provides the basic set-up. The author claims that the longitude Floer homology is nontrivial for nontrivial knots in Theorem 3.1. Section 4 computes the \((2, 2n+1)\) torus knots. An appropriate Heegaard diagram for the Whitehead double of a knot in \(S^3\) is given in section 5, and Theorem 1.3 is proved in the last section 6. One may obtain the similar results for \(K_{p/q}\) corresponding to \((p, q)\) Dehn surgery. It would be interesting to know if there is any relation among the Floer homologies of \(K_{p/q}\) for different surgery coefficients \((p, q)\).
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