Interlace properties for the real and imaginary parts of the wave functions of complex-valued potentials with real spectrum

DOI10.1016/J.AOP.2016.10.025MaRDI QIDQ2628221zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Alfonso Jaimes-Nájera, Oscar Rosas-Ortiz

Publication date 13 June 2017

Published in Annals of Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1608.01974

zbMATH Keywords

\(\mathcal{PT}\)-symmetrycomplex-valued potentials with real spectrumoscillation theoremsSusy QM

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Oscillation theory, zeros, disconjugacy and comparison theory for ordinary differential equations (34C10) Particular ordinary differential operators (Dirac, one-dimensional Schrödinger, etc.) (34L40) Supersymmetry and quantum mechanics (81Q60)

Abstract: Some general properties of the wave functions of complex-valued potentials with real spectrum are studied. The main results are presented in a series of lemmas, corollaries and theorems that are satisfied by the zeros of the real and imaginary parts of the wave functions on the real line. In particular, it is shown that such zeros interlace so that the corresponding probability densities $ho(x)$ are never null. We find that the profile of the imaginary part $V_I(x)$ of a given complex-valued potential determines the number and distribution of the maxima and minima of the related probability densities. Our conjecture is that $V_I(x)$ must be continuous in $mathbbR$, and that its integral over all the real line must be equal to zero in order to get control on the distribution of the maxima and minima of $ho(x)$. The applicability of these results is shown by solving the eigenvalue equation of different complex potentials, these last being either $calPT$-symmetric or not invariant under the $calPT$-transformation.

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