Automorphism groups of countable structures and groups of measurable functions

Abstract: Let

G

be a topological group and let

m u

be the Lebesgue measure on the interval

[0, 1]

. We let

L_{0} (G)

to be the topological group of all

m u

-equivalence classes of

m u

-measurable functions defined on [0,1] with values in

G

, taken with the pointwise multiplication and the topology of convergence in measure. We show that for a Polish group

G

, if

L_{0} (G)

has ample generics, then

G

has ample generics, thus the converse to a result of Ka"{i}chouh and Le Ma^{i}tre. We further study topological similarity classes and conjugacy classes for many groups

m A u t (M)

and

L_{0} (m A u t (M))

, where

M

is a countable structure. We make a connection between the structure of groups generated by tuples, the Hrushovski property, and the structure of their topological similarity classes. In particular, we prove the trichotomy that for every tuple

of

m A u t (M)

, where

M

is a countable structure such that algebraic closures of finite sets are finite, either the countable group

is precompact, or it is discrete, or the similarity class of

is meager, in particular the conjugacy class of

is meager. We prove an analogous trichotomy for groups

L_{0} (m A u t (M))

.

Review text

Let \(G\) be a topological group and let \(\mu\) be the Lebesgue measure on the interval \([0,1]\). Let \(L_0(G)\) be the topological group of all \(\mu\)-equivalence classes of \(\mu\)-measurable functions defined on \([0,1]\) with values in \(G\), taken with the pointwise multiplication and the topology of convergence in measure (a basic neighbourhood of the identity in \(L_0(G)\) is of the form \[\{f\in L_0(G): \mu\{x\in [0,1]: f(x) \notin V\}<\epsilon\},\] where \(V\) is a neighbourhood of the identity in \(G\) and \(\epsilon >0\)). In Section 3, the authors prove the converse to a result of \textit{A. Kaïchouh} and \textit{F. Le Maître} [Bull. Lond. Math. Soc. 47, No. 6, 996--1009 (2015; Zbl 1373.03081)]. Precisely, they show that for a Polish group \(G\) (i.e., a separable and completely metrizable topological group), if \(L_0(G)\) has ample generics, then \(G\) has ample generics. (Recall that \(G\) has ample generics if it has a comeager diagonal conjugacy class for every \(n\), i.e., for every \(n \geq 1\) the \(n\)-diagonal conjugation action of \(G\) on \(G^n\), given by \[g.(h_1,\ldots, h_n)=(gh_1g^{-1},\ldots,gh_ng^{-1}),\] has a comeager orbit.) In Section 4, they further study topological similarity classes and conjugacy classes for many groups \(\mathrm{Aut}(M)\) and \(L_0(\mathrm{Aut}(M))\), where \(M\) is a countable structure. (Recall that a tuple \[ \bar{f}=(f_1,\ldots, f_n) \] in a topological group is said to be topologically similar to a tuple \((g_1,\ldots, g_n)\) if the map sending \(f_i\mapsto g_i\) extends to a bi-continuous isomorphism between the countable topological group generated by these tuples. The topological \(n\)-similarity class of \(\bar{f}\) is then the set of all \(n\)-tuples in \(G\) that are topologically similar to it.) In particular, the authors prove the trichotomy that for every tuple \(\bar{f}\) of \(\mathrm{Aut}(M)\), where \(M\) is a countable structure such that the algebraic closures of finite sets are finite, either the countable group \(\langle \bar{f} \rangle\) is precompact, or it is discrete, or the similarity class of \(\bar{f}\) is meager. They also prove an analogous trichotomy for groups \(L_0(\mathrm{Aut}(M))\).

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