A computational weighted finite difference method for American and barrier options in subdiffusive Black-Scholes model

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Abstract: Subdiffusion is a well established phenomenon in physics. In this paper we apply the subdiffusive dynamics to analyze financial markets. We focus on the financial aspect of time fractional diffusion model with moving boundary i.e. American and barrier option pricing in the subdiffusive Black-Scholes (B-S) model. Two computational methods for valuing American options in the considered model are proposed - the weighted finite difference (FD) and the Longstaff-Schwartz method. In the article it is also shown how to valuate numerically wide range of barrier options using the FD approach.


In this paper the authors derive the linear complementarity problem (LCP) system describing the fair price of an American option in subdiffusive Black-Scholes (B-S) model. The weighted scheme of the weighted finite difference (FD) method and the Longstaff-Schwartz method to solve the system numerically are considered. Some comparisons are also given. The following statement is precisely proved Theorem. The fair price an American put option in the subdiffusive (B-S) model is equal to \(\nu(z,t)\), where \(\nu(z,t)\) satisfies: \[ \begin{array}{l} x=\ln z\\ u(x,t)=\nu (e^x,T-t) \end{array} \] and \(u(x,t)\) is the solution of the system \[ \begin{array}{l} u(x,0)=\max (K-exp(x),0)\\ u(x,t)=\max (K-exp(x),0),\: \: t\in [0,T]\\ \begin{array}{l} c\\ o \end{array} D^{\alpha}u(x,t)-\frac{\sigma ^2}{2}\frac{\partial ^2 u(x,t)}{\partial x^2}-(r-\frac{\sigma ^2}{2})\frac{\partial u(x,t)}{\partial x}+ru(x,t)\ge 0,\: t\in (0,T)\\ (u(x,t)-\max (K-exp(x),0))(\begin{array}{l} c\\ o \end{array} D^{\alpha}u(x,t)-\frac{\sigma ^2}{2}\frac{\partial ^2 u(x,t)}{\partial x^2}-\\ (r-\frac{\sigma ^2}{2})\frac{\partial u(x,t)}{\partial x}+ru(x,t))=0,\: \: t\in (0,T)\\ {\displaystyle \lim_{x\to \infty}}u(x,t)=0\\ {\displaystyle \lim_{x\to -\infty}}u(x,t)=K. \end{array} \] The numerical techniques presented in this paper can successfully be repeated for other time fractional diffusion models with moving boundaries problems.



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