Shock propagation following an intense explosion: comparison between hydrodynamics and simulations

DOI10.1007/S10955-021-02715-3zbMATH Open1461.76335arXiv1812.03638OpenAlexW3127231991MaRDI QIDQ2658415FDOQ2658415

Authors: Yanyan Li 

Publication date: 22 March 2021

Published in: Journal of Statistical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The solution for the radial distribution of pressure, density, temperature and flow velocity fields in a blast wave propagating through a medium at rest, following an intense explosion, starting from hydrodynamic equations, is one of the classic problems in gas dynamics. However, there is very little direct verification of the theory and its assumptions from simulations of microscopic models. In this paper, we compare the results and assumptions of the hydrodynamic theory with results from large scale event driven molecular dynamics simulations of a hard sphere gas in three dimensions. We find that the predictions for the radial distribution of the thermodynamic quantities do not match well with the numerical data. We improve the theory by replacing the ideal gas law with a more realistic virial equation of state for the hard sphere gas. While this improves the theoretical predictions, we show that they still fail to describe the data well. To understand the reasons for this discrepancy, the different assumptions of the hydrodynamic theory are tested within the simulations. A key assumption of the theory is the existence of a local equation of state. We validate this assumption by showing that the local pressure, temperature and density obey the equation of state for a hard sphere gas. However, the probability distribution of the velocity fluctuations has non-gaussian tails, especially away from the shock front, showing that the assumption of local equilibrium is violated. This, along with neglect of heat conduction, could be the possible reasons for the mismatch between theory and simulations.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1812.03638

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zbMATH Keywords

kinetic theoryshock wavestatistical mechanicsmolecular dynamics simulationclassical fluid

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Rarefied gas flows, Boltzmann equation in fluid mechanics (76P05) Shock waves and blast waves in fluid mechanics (76L05) Basic methods in fluid mechanics (76M99)

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Cited In (4)

• Thermalization and hydrodynamics in an interacting integrable system: the case of hard rods
• Shock propagation in the hard sphere gas in two dimensions: comparison between simulations and hydrodynamics
• Blast waves in two and three dimensions: Euler versus Navier-Stokes equations
• Blast waves in the zero temperature hard sphere gas: double scaling structure

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