Metric Fourier approximation of set-valued functions of bounded variation

DOI10.1007/S00041-021-09812-7MaRDI QIDQ2658733zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Alona Mokhov, Elena E. Berdysheva, Nira Dyn, Elza M. Farkhi

Publication date 24 March 2021

Published in The Journal of Fourier Analysis and Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2008.10340

compact sets function of bounded variation metric approximation operators metric integral metric linear combinations metric selections set-valued functions trigonometric Fourier approximation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Set-valued functions (26E25) Set-valued set functions and measures; integration of set-valued functions; measurable selections (28B20) Set functions and measures and integrals in infinite-dimensional spaces (Wiener measure, Gaussian measure, etc.) (28C20) Trigonometric approximation (42A10) Convergence and absolute convergence of Fourier and trigonometric series (42A20) Summability and absolute summability of Fourier and trigonometric series (42A24) Set-valued maps in general topology (54C60)

Abstract: We introduce and investigate an adaptation of Fourier series to set-valued functions (multifunctions, SVFs) of bounded variation. In our approach we define an analogue of the partial sums of the Fourier series with the help of the Dirichlet kernel using the newly defined weighted metric integral. We derive error bounds for these approximants. As a consequence, we prove that the sequence of the partial sums converges pointwisely in the Hausdorff metric to the values of the approximated set-valued function at its points of continuity, or to a certain set described in terms of the metric selections of the approximated multifunction at a point of discontinuity. Our error bounds are obtained with the help of the new notions of one-sided local moduli and quasi-moduli of continuity which we discuss more generally for functions with values in metric spaces.

Review text

The main topic of the paper is an adaptation of the trigonometric Fourier series to set-valued functions of bounded variation with compact images. The authors also try to gain error bounds under minimal regularity requirements on the approximated multifunctions. This analysis exploits properties of maps of bounded variation from [\textit{V. V. Chistyakov}, J. Dyn. Control Syst. 3, No. 2, 261--289 (1997; Zbl 0940.26009)]. The authors define a metric analogue of the partial sums of the Fourier series of a~multifunction via convolutions with the Dirichlet kernel. To define these convolutions the authors introduce a new weighted metric integral. The study of the error bounds of the approximations leads to the introduction of a~new one-sided local moduli of continuity and a~one-sided local quasi-moduli of continuity. The main result of the paper is an analogy of the classical Dirichlet-Jordan Theorem for real functions. In particular, if a multifunction \(F\) of bounded variation is continuous at a point \(x\), then its metric Fourier approximants at~\(x\) converge to \(F(x)\). This convergence is uniform on bounded closed intervals in which \(F\) is continuous. At a point of discontinuity the limit set is determined by the values of the metric selections of \(F\).

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