Discrete-to-continuum convergence of charged particles in 1D with annihilation

DOI10.1007/S00205-022-01812-1zbMATH Open1502.35160arXiv2009.05180OpenAlexW3086160000MaRDI QIDQ2675802FDOQ2675802

Authors: Patrick van Meurs, Norbert Požár, Mark A. Peletier 

Publication date: 26 September 2022

Published in: Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We consider a system of charged particles moving on the real line driven by electrostatic interactions. Since we consider charges of both signs, collisions might occur in finite time. Upon collision, some of the colliding particles are effectively removed from the system (annihilation). The two applications we have in mind are vortices and dislocations in metals. In this paper we reach two goals. First, we develop a rigorous solution concept for the interacting particle system with annihilation. The main innovation here is to provide a careful management of the annihilation of groups of more than two particles, and we show that the definition is consistent by proving existence, uniqueness, and continuous dependence on initial data. The proof relies on a detailed analysis of ODE trajectories close to collision, and a reparametrization of vectors in terms of the moments of their elements. Secondly, we pass to the many-particle limit (discrete-to-continuum), and recover the expected limiting equation for the particle density. Due to the singular interactions and the annihilation rule, standard proof techniques of discrete-to-continuum limits do not apply. In particular, the framework of measures seems unfit. Instead, we use the one-dimensional feature that both the particle system and the limiting PDE can be characterized in terms of Hamilton--Jacobi equations. While our proof follows a standard limit procedure for such equations, the novelty with respect to existing results lies in allowing for stronger singularities in the particle system by exploiting the freedom of choice in the definition of viscosity solutions.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.05180

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zbMATH Keywords

HamiltonianHamilton-Jacobi equationsub-solutionsuper-solutionelectrostatic interactionssystem of charged particles

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Initial value problems, existence, uniqueness, continuous dependence and continuation of solutions to ordinary differential equations (34A12) Existence problems for PDEs: global existence, local existence, non-existence (35A01) Uniqueness problems for PDEs: global uniqueness, local uniqueness, non-uniqueness (35A02) Dependence of solutions to PDEs on initial and/or boundary data and/or on parameters of PDEs (35B30) Hamilton-Jacobi equations (35F21) PDEs in connection with optics and electromagnetic theory (35Q60) Viscosity solutions to Hamilton-Jacobi equations in optimal control and differential games (49L25) Motion of charged particles (78A35)

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Cited In (7)

• Convergence and non-convergence of many-particle evolutions with multiple signs
• Discrete Dislocation Dynamics with Annihilation as the Limit of the Peierls–Nabarro Model in One Dimension
• Convergence to a stationary state and diffusion for a charged particle in a standing medium
• Discrete-to-continuum limits of interacting particle systems in one dimension with collisions
• Discrete-to-continuum limits of particles with an annihilation rule
• Discrete-to-continuum linearization in atomistic dynamics
• Passing from discrete to continuum models of electrostatic energy

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