Convergence of parallel overlapping domain decomposition methods for the Helmholtz equation

DOI10.1007/S00211-022-01318-8MaRDI QIDQ2676865zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Shihua Gong, Martin J. Gander, I. G. Graham, David Lafontaine, E. A. Spence

Publication date 28 September 2022

Published in Numerische Mathematik (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.05218

zbMATH Keywords

domain decomposition methods Helmholtz equation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Laplace operator, Helmholtz equation (reduced wave equation), Poisson equation (35J05) Preconditioners for iterative methods (65F08) Iterative numerical methods for linear systems (65F10) Numerical solution of discretized equations for boundary value problems involving PDEs (65N22) Multigrid methods; domain decomposition for boundary value problems involving PDEs (65N55) Parallel numerical computation (65Y05)

Abstract: We analyse parallel overlapping Schwarz domain decomposition methods for the Helmholtz equation, where the subdomain problems satisfy first-order absorbing (impedance) transmission conditions, and exchange of information between subdomains is achieved using a partition of unity. We provide a novel analysis of this method at the PDE level (without discretization). First, we formulate the method as a fixed point iteration, and show (in dimensions 1,2,3) that it is well-defined in a tensor product of appropriate local function spaces, each with

L^{2}

impedance boundary data. Given this, we then obtain a bound on the norm of the fixed point operator in terms of the local norms of certain impedance-to-impedance maps arising from local interactions between subdomains. These bounds provide conditions under which (some power of) the fixed point operator is a contraction. In 2-d, for rectangular domains and strip-wise domain decompositions (with each subdomain only overlapping its immediate neighbours), we present two techniques for verifying the assumptions on the impedance-to-impedance maps which ensure power contractivity of the fixed point operator. The first is through semiclassical analysis, which gives rigorous estimates valid as the frequency tends to infinity. These results verify the required assumptions for sufficiently large overlap. For more realistic domain decompositions, we directly compute the norms of the impedance-to-impedance maps by solving certain canonical (local) eigenvalue problems. We give numerical experiments that illustrate the theory. These also show that the iterative method remains convergent and/or provides a good preconditioner in cases not covered by the theory, including for general domain decompositions, such as those obtained via automatic graph-partitioning software.

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