A spectral-like decomposition for transitive Anosov flows in dimension three

Uniformly hyperbolic systems (expanding, Anosov, Axiom A, etc.) (37D20) Dynamical systems involving homeomorphisms and diffeomorphisms of planes and surfaces (37E30) General geometric structures on low-dimensional manifolds (57M50)

Abstract: Given a (transitive or non-transitive) Anosov vector field

X

on a closed three-dimensional manifold

M

, one may try to decompose

(M, X)

by cutting

M

along two-tori transverse to

X

. We prove that one can find a finite collection

T_{1}, d o t s, T_{n}

of pairwise disjoint, pairwise non-parallel incompressible tori transverse to

X

, such that the maximal invariant sets

L a m b d a_{1}, d o t s, L a m b d a_{m}

of the connected components

V_{1}, d o t s, V_{m}

of

M - (T_{1} c u p d o t s c u p T_{n})

satisfy the following properties: 1, each

L a m b d a_{i}

is a compact invariant locally maximal transitive set for

X

, 2, the collection

L a m b d a_{1}, d o t s, L a m b d a_{m}

is canonically attached to the pair

(M, X)

(i.e., it can be defined independently of the collection of tori

T_{1}, d o t s, T_{n}

), 3, the

L a m b d a_{i}

's are the smallest possible: for every (possibly infinite) collection

{S_{i}}_{i i n I}

of tori transverse to

X

, the

L a m b d a_{i}

's are contained in the maximal invariant set of

M - c u p_{i} S_{i}

. To a certain extent, the sets

L a m b d a_{1}, d o t s, L a m b d a_{m}

are analogs (for Anosov vector field in dimension 3) of the basic pieces which appear in the spectral decomposition of a non-transitive axiom A vector field. Then we discuss the uniqueness of such a decomposition: we prove that the pieces of the decomposition

V_{1}, d o t s, V_{m}

, equipped with the restriction of the Anosov vector field

X

, are "almost unique up to topological equivalence".

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