Polynomials in R[x,y] that are sums of squares in R(x,y)

DOI10.1090/S0002-9939-01-05927-5MaRDI QIDQ2731900zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors David B. Leep, Colin Starr

Publication date 30 July 2001

Published in Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1090/S0002-9939-01-05927-5

zbMATH Keywords

positive semidefinite polynomialsum of squares of polynomials

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Sums of squares and representations by other particular quadratic forms (11E25) Fields related with sums of squares (formally real fields, Pythagorean fields, etc.) (12D15)

Review text

A positive semidefinite polynomial \(f \in \mathbb{R} [x, y]\) is said to be \(\Sigma (m, n)\) if \(f\) is a sum of \(m\) squares in \(\mathbb{R} (x, y)\), but no fewer, and \(f\) is a sum of \(n\) squares in \(\mathbb{R} [x, y]\), but no fewer. If \(f\) is not a sum of polynomial squares, then we set \(n = \infty\). NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEWe present a family of \(\Sigma (3, 4)\) polynomials and a family of \(\Sigma (3, \infty)\) polynomials. Thus, a positive semidefinite polynomial in \(\mathbb{R} [x, y]\) may be a sum of three rational squares, but not a sum of polynomial squares. This resolves a problem posed by Choi, Lam, Reznick, and Rosenberg.

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Cited in

(12)

• Noncoercive sums of squares in \(\mathbb R[x_1,\ldots ,x_n]\)
• Sums of three squares of fractions of two variables
• On the bad points of positive semidefinite polynomials
• Positivity certificates and polynomial optimization on non-compact semialgebraic sets
• Sums of Squares of Polynomials
• Sums of three squares and Noether–Lefschetz loci
• Sums of squares over totally real fields are rational sums of squares
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 203010 (Why is no real title available?)
• Exact certification in global polynomial optimization via sums-of-squares of rational functions with rational coefficients
• Sums of squares of polynomials with rational coefficients
• Polynomial squares of the form aX^m+b(1-X)^n+c
• Estimates of the Pythagoras number of \(\mathbb R_m[x_1, \ldots , x_n]\) through lattice points and polytopes

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