Local Isometric Immersions of Pseudo-Spherical Surfaces and Evolution Equations

DOI10.1007/978-1-4939-2950-4_13zbMATH Open1337.53083arXiv1506.02803OpenAlexW2258943501MaRDI QIDQ2787293FDOQ2787293

Authors: Nabil Kahouadji, Niky Kamran, Keti Tenenblat 

Publication date: 25 February 2016

Published in: Hamiltonian Partial Differential Equations and Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The class of differential equations describing pseudo-spherical surfaces, first introduced by Chern and Tenenblat [3], is characterized by the property that to each solution of a differential equation, within the class, there corresponds a 2-dimensional Riemannian metric of curvature equal to $-1$. The class of differential equations describing pseudo-spherical surfaces carries close ties to the property of complete integrability, as manifested by the existence of infinite hierarchies of conservation laws and associated linear problems. As such, it contains many important known examples of integrable equations, like the sine-Gordon, Liouville and KdV equations. It also gives rise to many new families of integrable equations. The question we address in this paper concerns the local isometric immersion of pseudo-spherical surfaces in $$ from the perspective of the differential equations that give rise to the metrics. Indeed, a classical theorem in the differential geometry of surfaces states that any pseudo-spherical surface can be locally isometrically immersed in $$. In the case of the sine-Gordon equation, one can derive an expression for the second fundamental form of the immersion that depends only on a jet of finite order of the solution of the pde. A natural question is to know if this remarkable property extends to equations other than the sine-Gordon equation within the class of differential equations describing pseudo-spherical surfaces. In an earlier paper [11], we have shown that this property fails to hold for all other second order equations, except for those belonging to a very special class of evolution equations. In the present paper, we consider a class of evolution equations for $u(x,t)$ of order $kgeq3$ describing pseudo-spherical surfaces. We show that whenever an isometric immersion in $$ exists, depending on a jet of finite order of $u$, then the coefficients of the second fundamental forms are functions of the independent variables $x$ and $t$ only.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1506.02803

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zbMATH Keywords

immersionsisometricpseudo-spherical

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Minimal surfaces in differential geometry, surfaces with prescribed mean curvature (53A10) Correspondences and other transformation methods (e.g., Lie-Bäcklund) for PDEs on manifolds (58J72)

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Cited In (8)

• Local Isometric Immersions of Pseudo-Spherical Surfaces and Evolution Equations
• Third-order differential equations and local isometric immersions of pseudospherical surfaces
• Second-order equations and local isometric immersions of pseudo-spherical surfaces
• Local isometric immersions of pseudo-spherical surfaces and \(k\)th order evolution equations
• Breakdown of pseudospherical surfaces determined by the Camassa-Holm equation
• On formal integrability of evolution equations and local geometry of surfaces
• Local isometric immersions of pseudospherical surfaces described by evolution equations in conservation law form
• Isometric immersions and differential equations describing pseudospherical surfaces

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