Oscillatory superfluid Ekman pumping in helium II and neutron stars

DOI10.1017/JFM.2015.553zbMATH Open1382.85001arXiv1505.00293OpenAlexW2963810567MaRDI QIDQ2796567FDOQ2796567

Authors: C. Anthony van Eysden 

Publication date: 29 March 2016

Published in: Journal of Fluid Mechanics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The linear response of a superfluid, rotating uniformly in a cylindrical container and threaded with a large number of vortex lines, to an impulsive increase in the angular velocity of the container is investigated. At zero temperature and with perfect pinning of vortices to the top and bottom of the container, we demonstrate that the system oscillates persistently with a frequency proportional to the vortex line tension parameter to the quarter power. This low-frequency mode is generated by a secondary flow analogous to classical Ekman pumping that is periodically reversed by the vortex tension in the boundary layers. We compare analytic solutions to the two-fluid equations of Chandler & Baym (1986) with the spin-up experiments of Tsakadze & Tsakadze (1980) in helium II and find the frequency agrees within a factor of four, although the experiment is not perfectly suited to the application of the linear theory. We argue that this oscillatory Ekman pumping mode, and not Tkachenko modes provide a natural explanation for the observed oscillation. In neutron stars, the oscillation period depends on the pinning interaction between neutron vortices and flux tubes in the outer core. Using a simplified pinning model, we demonstrate that strong pinning can accommodate modes with periods of days to years, which are only weakly damped by mutual friction over longer timescales.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1505.00293

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zbMATH Keywords

quantum fluidsrotating flowsgeophysical and geological flows

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Galactic and stellar dynamics (85A05) General theory of rotating fluids (76U05) Quantum hydrodynamics and relativistic hydrodynamics (76Y05) Superfluids (classical aspects) (76A25)

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Cited In (1)

• Spin-up of a two-component superfluid: analytic theory in arbitrary geometry

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