Oscillatory superfluid Ekman pumping in helium II and neutron stars

DOI10.1017/JFM.2015.553MaRDI QIDQ2796567zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors C. Anthony van Eysden

Publication date 29 March 2016

Published in Journal of Fluid Mechanics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1505.00293

zbMATH Keywords

quantum fluidsrotating flowsgeophysical and geological flows

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Galactic and stellar dynamics (85A05) General theory of rotating fluids (76U05) Quantum hydrodynamics and relativistic hydrodynamics (76Y05) Superfluids (classical aspects) (76A25)

Abstract: The linear response of a superfluid, rotating uniformly in a cylindrical container and threaded with a large number of vortex lines, to an impulsive increase in the angular velocity of the container is investigated. At zero temperature and with perfect pinning of vortices to the top and bottom of the container, we demonstrate that the system oscillates persistently with a frequency proportional to the vortex line tension parameter to the quarter power. This low-frequency mode is generated by a secondary flow analogous to classical Ekman pumping that is periodically reversed by the vortex tension in the boundary layers. We compare analytic solutions to the two-fluid equations of Chandler & Baym (1986) with the spin-up experiments of Tsakadze & Tsakadze (1980) in helium II and find the frequency agrees within a factor of four, although the experiment is not perfectly suited to the application of the linear theory. We argue that this oscillatory Ekman pumping mode, and not Tkachenko modes provide a natural explanation for the observed oscillation. In neutron stars, the oscillation period depends on the pinning interaction between neutron vortices and flux tubes in the outer core. Using a simplified pinning model, we demonstrate that strong pinning can accommodate modes with periods of days to years, which are only weakly damped by mutual friction over longer timescales.

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Cites work

• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3290160 (Why is no real title available?)
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• Spin-up from rest of a mixture: numerical simulation and asymptotic theory
• Spin-up of a strongly stratified fluid in a sphere
• Spin-up of a two-component superfluid: analytic theory in arbitrary geometry
• Superfluid spherical Couette flow
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• The spin up of a stratified fluid

Cited in

(2)

• Ekman pumping in compact astrophysical bodies
• Spin-up of a two-component superfluid: analytic theory in arbitrary geometry

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