An extension of Tamari lattices

Abstract: For any finite path

v

on the square grid consisting of north and east unit steps, starting at (0,0), we construct a poset Tam

(v)

that consists of all the paths weakly above

v

with the same number of north and east steps as

v

. For particular choices of

v

, we recover the traditional Tamari lattice and the

m

-Tamari lattice. Let

o v e r l e f t a r r o w v

be the path obtained from

v

by reading the unit steps of

v

in reverse order, replacing the east steps by north steps and vice versa. We show that the poset Tam

(v)

is isomorphic to the dual of the poset Tam

(o v e r l e f t a r r o w v)

. We do so by showing bijectively that the poset Tam

(v)

is isomorphic to the poset based on rotation of full binary trees with the fixed canopy

v

, from which the duality follows easily. This also shows that Tam

(v)

is a lattice for any path

v

. We also obtain as a corollary of this bijection that the usual Tamari lattice, based on Dyck paths of height

n

, is a partition of the (smaller) lattices Tam

(v)

, where the

v

are all the paths on the square grid that consist of

n - 1

unit steps. We explain possible connections between the poset Tam

(v)

and (the combinatorics of) the generalized diagonal coinvariant spaces of the symmetric group.

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