Positive operator valued measures and Feller Markov kernels

DOI10.1016/J.JMAA.2016.04.054MaRDI QIDQ281852zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors R. Beneduci

Publication date 11 May 2016

Published in Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1510.02655

zbMATH Keywords

\(C^\ast\)-algebrasquantum measurementvon Neumann algebrasFeller Markov kernelspositive operator valued measuresquantum observables

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

General theory of (C^*)-algebras (46L05) Vector-valued measures and integration (46G10) Quantum measurement theory, state operations, state preparations (81P15) General theory of von Neumann algebras (46L10) Operator algebra methods applied to problems in quantum theory (81R15) Applications of selfadjoint operator algebras to physics (46L60)

Abstract: A Positive Operator Valued Measure (POVM) is a map $F:mathcalB(X)omathcal{L}_s^{+}(mathcalH)$ from the Borel $sigma$-algebra of a topological space $X$ to the space of positive self-adjoint operators on a Hilbert space $mathcalH$. We assume $X$ to be Hausdorff, locally compact and second countable and prove that a POVM $F$ is commutative if and only if it is the smearing of a spectral measure $E$ by means of a Feller Markov kernel. Moreover, we prove that the smearing can be realized by means of a strong Feller Markov kernel if and only if $F$ is uniformly continuous. Finally, we prove that a POVM which is norm bounded by a finite measure $u$ admits a strong Feller Markov kernel. That provides a characterization of the smearing which connects a commutative POVM $F$ to a spectral measure $E$ and is relevant both from the mathematical and the physical viewpoint since smearings of spectral measures form a large and very relevant subclass of POVMs: they are paradigmatic for the modeling of certain standard forms of noise in quantum measurements, they provide optimal approximators as marginals in joint measurements of incompatible observables cite{Busch}, they are important for a range of quantum information processing protocols, where classical post-processing plays a role cite{Heinosaari}. The mathematical and physical relevance of the results is discussed and particular emphasis is given to the connections between the Markov kernel and the imprecision of the measurement process.

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Cited in

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• Uniform continuity of POVMs
• Commutative POV-measures: from the Choquet representation to the Markov kernel and back
• Operator-valued Gaussian processes and their covariance kernels
• Universal randomization of quantum observables
• Universal Markov kernels for quantum observables
• Two-moment characterization of spectral measures on the real line
• Categorical characterizations of operator-valued measures
• Joint measurability through Naimark's dilation theorem
• Fuzzy observables: from weak Markov kernels to Markov kernels

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